"Ozymandias" is a poem written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1817. The title refers to the ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II, who was also known as Ozymandias. The poem is a sonnet, a form of poetry that consists of 14 lines and a strict rhyme scheme.
The poem begins by describing a traveler who tells the speaker of a broken statue he saw in the desert. The statue is of Ozymandias, and it is described as "two vast and trunkless legs of stone." The rest of the statue has crumbled and is lost to time, leaving only the legs standing. The traveler also tells the speaker of an inscription on the pedestal, which reads: "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: / Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"
The speaker of the poem reflects on the inscription and the ruined statue, and concludes that Ozymandias was once a powerful and mighty ruler. However, his power and works have now been reduced to nothing more than a broken statue in the desert, a mere shadow of his former greatness. The poem ends with the lines: "Nothing beside remains. Round the decay / Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare / The lone and level sands stretch far away."
One of the main themes of "Ozymandias" is the fleeting nature of human power and greatness. Despite the pride and hubris of Ozymandias, his kingdom and works have crumbled and been forgotten, just like all the other empires and civilizations that have come and gone before him. The poem is a reminder of the impermanence of human achievement, and the ultimate futility of trying to achieve lasting greatness.
Another theme of the poem is the contrast between the grandiose words of the inscription and the reality of the broken statue. Ozymandias declares himself "king of kings" and encourages others to look upon his works and despair, but the reality is that his works are no longer there to be seen, and all that remains is a broken and ruined statue. The inscription is a testament to Ozymandias' ego and self-aggrandizement, but it also reveals the emptiness of his boasts.
"Ozymandias" is a poignant and thought-provoking poem that serves as a reminder of the fleeting nature of human power and achievement. It encourages us to consider the ultimate fate of our own works and accomplishments, and to be mindful of the dangers of hubris and pride.