Indian national forest policy. National Forest Policy, 1988: An overview of how Indian forestry became conservation 2022-10-21
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The Indian National Forest Policy, first enacted in 1988 and subsequently amended in 1994, serves as the guiding document for the management and conservation of forests in India. The policy aims to ensure the ecological security of the country by promoting the sustainable use of forests and their resources.
One of the key objectives of the policy is to protect and conserve forests and wildlife, both for their intrinsic value and for the ecological services they provide. This includes protecting natural forests, afforestation and reforestation, and the conservation of threatened species. The policy also recognizes the importance of forests for the livelihoods of local communities, and seeks to involve them in the management and conservation of forests through the establishment of joint forest management committees.
The policy also emphasizes the need to balance economic development with the conservation of forests. This includes the sustainable extraction of forest products, such as timber, non-timber forest products, and medicinal plants, as well as the promotion of eco-tourism. The policy also seeks to reduce the demand for wood by encouraging the use of alternative materials and energy sources.
One of the major challenges in implementing the Indian National Forest Policy is the pressure on forests from various developmental activities, such as infrastructure development, mining, and agriculture. The policy seeks to address this challenge through the implementation of measures such as the diversion of forestland for non-forest purposes, which requires the prior approval of the central government and the payment of compensation for any loss of forest cover.
Overall, the Indian National Forest Policy serves as a framework for the sustainable management and conservation of forests in India, balancing the needs of economic development with the protection of these vital ecosystems. Its success in achieving these goals will depend on the effective implementation of the policy at the local level and the commitment of all stakeholders to its principles.
Indian agroforestry policy
Wherever possible, degraded land should be made available for this purpose either on lease or on the basis of the tree-patta scheme. Speaking generally, all grazing in forests, particularly unlimited or uncontrolled grazing is incompatible with scientific forestry. Poaching should be stopped. The Policy elaborates that forests in sensitive areas like slopes, river valleys and coastal lands will provide a protective influence on soil, water and climatic characteristics of the locality, and that these needs far outweigh the restrictions from the use of these forests. This is attributable to relentless pressures arising from ever-increasing demand for fuel wood, fodder and timber; inadequacy of protection measures; diversion of forest lands to non-forest uses without ensuring compensatory afforestation and essential environmental safeguards; and the tendency to look upon forests as revenue earning resource. The rights and concessions from forests should primarily be for the bonafide use of the communities living within and around forest areas, specially the tribals. No change in the National Forest Policy of 1988.
National Forest Policy, 1952: An overview of Independent India’s first approach to forest management
Organization of the Forest Sector in India 4. The islands house rare birds such as Narcondum hornbill, Nicobar pigeon and megapode. The The policy aims to improve productivity and environmental sustainability by integrating trees, crops, and livestock into the same plot of land. ADVERTISEMENTS: The creation of foresters by State Forest Departments on such an elaborate scale is ruled out at present by lack of funds and trained personnel. Then in 1890 according to the Forest Department resolution, previous rights of access and use redefined as privileges for specific tribes, castes, villages, and organizations. My professor, while explaining this move, reminisces of a time when paper and books became scarce. Restrictions should b imposed in the interests not only of the existing generation but also of posterity.
Forest Policies in India: Background, Aims and Organization
Organization of the Forest Sector in India: The forests in India are almost owned by the government and any afflictions to the forests must be reported to the Forest Departments, which are agencies of the Government of India. Forests are a renewable natural resource. Direct involvement in the reforestation process. Retrieved 9 May 2020. Traditional practices such as slash and burn, the gathering of forest resources were rejected as a basis for property rights. Success in this direction largely depends on enlisting the cooperation of the cultivators and gaining their confidence and in showing consideration to their needs and wishes.
A detailed survey of lands with a view to their proper utilization is, therefore, highly desirable. The Policy highlighted several methods to control grazing: encouraging rotational grazing, banning goats in forests because it is a browser, damaging saplings , and by levying a fee for grazing rights within forests. Encouraging efficient utilisation of forest produce and optimum substitution of wood; and 9. Experts traced the reasons for such limited results to mainly technical, regulatory, and financial hurdles faced by farmers, which raised the need for an agroforestry policy in India. Increasing productivity of forests to meet the national needs; 8. Second, it recognizes that forest fringe areas and forest communities depend on the forests for fuelwood, food, fodder and other minor forest produce for their livelihoods. The principal aim of forest policy must be to ensure environmental stability and maintenance of ecological balance including atmospheric equilibrium, which are vital for sustenance of all life forms, human, animals and plants.
Review of National Forest Policy, 1998 — Inviting Comments
With the Forest Conservation act in 1980, the government reasserted some of its control over forest resources. The Ministry has The National Forest Policy, 1988 is attached for download. This will help the forest-dependent people to improve their economy. The most prominent ones are hoolock gibbons only ape found in India , golden langur, capped langur or leaf monkey, etc. There were family-orient schemes for improving the status of the tribal people. The policy also speaks about farm forestry. It gave responsibility to both center and the state to control the over the forest matters.
The management of such village forests should aim at meeting the present as well as the future needs of the local population. In any case, the fuel, fodder and timber requirements of the local population should not be sacrificed for this purpose. The government was to provide the technical assistance and initial financial assistance to set up such programmes, and the benefits generated from social forestry were to go to the community through the panchayats. This is, in fact, a view perpetuated from colonial times. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
One of the main problems which draws criticism, the central governments speedy pace of giving clearances of forest lands for the industrial work. Yet the policy does negate some of the important areas. It should focus on issues of climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. National Forest Policy of 1988. The tribal people should not be deprive of their rights.
Provision of sufficient fodder, fuel and pasture, specially in areas adjoining forest, is necessary in order to prevent depletion of forests beyond the sustainable limit. It also included atmospheric equilibrium for the sustenance of all life forms. The rights and concessions enjoyed by them should be fully protected. To meet the essential needs and services of the human from forests, the application of scientific and technical inputs as necessary. It took a long time for this situation to be reverse. With this left arbitrary, it has left many loopholes in applying this policy recommendation.
National Forest Policy, 1988: An overview of how Indian forestry became conservation
Individual farmers were encouraged to grow tree crops for industrial and fodder use. But the simple and obvious way of regulating and controlling grazing as also improving the quality both of grazing and cattle themselves, is to institute a reasonable fee for the privilege of grazing. Afforestation was encouraged along roadsides, railway lines and canals and other unutilized land by both private and public entities. The central government had tried to make progress by drafting a bill to amend the previous forest act. It remains the legislative basis for state forest management today. The Government of India has assigned the ownership of minor forest produce to the people living in and around forests for the purpose of collection, processing, trade and marketing through a national level legislation named as the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Recognition of Forest rights Act, 2006.
An Overview of India's National Forest Policy 1988
The effects of industrialization in the British period in the 18 th century brought the growing demand for timber for the construction of railway tracks for commerce and trade. But efficient forest management requires that grazing should be regulated as regards the time and place, as also the number of cattle admitted. The Paris Agreement aims at cutting down greenhouse gas emissions to combat global warming. The derivation of direct economic benefit must be subordinated to this principal aim. Ace your UPSC preparation with Testbook.
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