John wycliffe and john huss. Who was John Wycliffe and Jan Hus? 2022-10-24
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John Wycliffe and John Huss were two influential figures in the late medieval period who challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and played key roles in the development of the Protestant Reformation.
John Wycliffe was an English theologian, philosopher, and reformer who is best known for his translation of the Bible into English. Born in 1320, Wycliffe was a member of the clergy and a professor at Oxford University. He became critical of the wealth and power of the Roman Catholic Church, and believed that the church had strayed from its original mission of helping people to follow Jesus. Wycliffe argued that the Bible, rather than the pope or the church hierarchy, should be the ultimate authority in matters of faith.
To further his beliefs, Wycliffe began translating the Bible from Latin into English, which was a revolutionary act at the time since the Bible was only available in Latin, a language that was only understood by the clergy and the educated elite. Wycliffe's translation made the Bible accessible to a wider audience, and it played a crucial role in the spread of Protestantism in England.
John Huss, also known as Jan Hus, was a Czech theologian and reformer who was inspired by Wycliffe's ideas. Born in 1369, Huss was a professor at the University of Prague and a member of the clergy. Like Wycliffe, he believed that the Roman Catholic Church had become corrupt and needed to be reformed. He called for a return to the teachings of the Bible and for the abolition of many of the practices and beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church, such as the sale of indulgences, the veneration of saints, and the use of images in worship.
Huss's ideas were unpopular with the church authorities, and he was excommunicated and eventually burned at the stake as a heretic in 1415. Despite his death, Huss's ideas lived on and played a significant role in the Protestant Reformation, which began in the early 16th century and marked a major split in Western Christianity.
In summary, John Wycliffe and John Huss were two influential figures who challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and played key roles in the development of the Protestant Reformation. Their beliefs and actions helped to pave the way for the spread of Protestantism and the eventual fragmentation of the Western Christian Church.
The Wycliffe Bible: A Necessary Heresy?
Retrieved 26 October 2019. Part 22: Wycliffe and Huss The flaws of the church, though evident at its very foundation, were most apparent at its apex, as the leadership revealed through a string of venalities and controversies, culminating in the so-called Babylonian Captivity in Avignon, as well as the Great Schism, that Christianity was a corruption of truth from the top down. If Huss can be considered the "goose" of the Reformation, then Luther was the "eagle," for through the latter Reformer's labours which would take place close to 125 years later, a firm break with Rome was initiated. Huss and several other professors voted against this idea, but the majority were in favor of a permanent ban on their teaching or adoption by the faculty either in public or private. The University of Prague was already split between Czechs and Germans, and Wycliffe's teachings only divided them more. Their economic and political ideas led to popular uprisings. With this, students of both countries frequently traveled back and forth, and Czech students in particular would be drawn to Oxford in droves where they would directly encounter the works of Wycliffe.
This doctrine attacked the distinction between priest and layman, and gave every man an equal place in the eyes of God. Through the uncovering work of the Holy Spirit, Huss was humbled on account of his sins, those known only to himself and the Lord. Retrieved 26 October 2019— via Google Books. This unification of authority he based upon a unification of interests among the people, to be secured by the abolition of clerical ownership of property and by a direct relation of the individual to God. On November 28th Huss was cast into a prison cell which was adjacent to where raw sewage flowed into the Rhine. When Alexander V's successor, the antipope John XXIII not to be confused with the modern pope by the same name , authorized the selling of indulgences to raise funds for his crusade against one of his rivals, Huss was scandalized and further radicalized. Huss agreed with others before him, such as Wycliffe and Marsilius of Padua, that the church was to have no worldly possessions.
The religions teachings of both John Wycliffe and Jan Hus were followed by agitations for reform in the church. Both his friends and his accusers pleaded with him to yield. Indeed, in 1377, Wyclif was summoned to appear before an assembly of bishops in London. He left for Oxford University in 1346, but because of periodic eruptions of the Black Death, he was not able to earn his doctorate until 1372. A Companion to John Wyclif, Late Medieval Theologian. Then the English hierarchy proceeded against him. The founder of this church also advocated that the preaching of the Word must take place every Sunday and on festival days of well, but then in the language of the Czechs.
When Huss was brought to the large cathedral to be sentenced, a short sermon was preached by one of the bishops on Romans 6:6 4 which states that the body of sin may be destroyed. Descending to vituperation, Huss called the pope a money-grubber. Almost simultaneously, an adversary named Stephen of Palecz and various other opponents of Huss made their way to Constance as well, intent on indicting him before the council. He openly denounced the fees priests charged for performing baptisms, marriages, Mass, and burials. As long as Wycliffe limited his attacks to abuses and the wealth of the Church, he could rely on the support of part of the clergy and aristocracy, but once he dismissed the traditional doctrine of In the midst of this came the Of the 24 propositions attributed to Wycliffe without mentioning his name, ten were declared heretical and fourteen erroneous. Within the scope of our discussion we are more interested in how the reformers were dealt with by this Council. Instead of a hearing, Huss was eventually hauled before authorities in chains and asked merely to recant his views.
Huss maintained his position on the church despite more attempts by the emperor who sent representatives to get him to change his mind. He held that when the church became involved in transactions about territorial jurisdiction and money, the state should interfere and assume control over its own affairs. How blasphemous such a pronouncement was! Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition 4. Another council, called by the Archbishop of Canterbury, condemned further writings as heretical. That position belonged to the Messiah.
He became fearless in criticism of the abuses of the Church. They wanted him to defend his views in person. In 1403 the authorities of Prague University condemned 24 Articles stating Wycliffe's views. In the meantime, Rome had demanded financial support from England, a nation struggling to raise money to resist a possible French attack. What are a few hours on your face in comparison to eternity? They became a bane to the nobility, the monarchy, and the church. Retrieved 26 October 2019— via Google Books.
Huss also held that if a pope were in error, one would be obeying the Messiah by rebelling against that pope. The conversion of another Bohemian national leader to the Hussite doctrine sparked resistance to a German invasion aimed at subjugating the heretics. In view of those poor and humble men, neither should popes possess political power. What will it be like when we get to heaven and we are surrounded by people who gave their all for the kingdom of God? John Wycliffe became a popular preacher in London, and many people became inclined to his views. The property of the clergy should even be seized if they proved corrupt. Such opinions got Wycliffe into trouble, and he was brought to London to answer charges of heresy. He held that the best organization was a secular monarchy with large powers.
Read also However, he gained powerful backers and continued to advance his church reforms through the translation of the New Testament from Latin to English. This act led to his own government abandoning him and allow the Roman Catholic Church to persecuted and kill him. His early life is obscured in the shadow of history, but he bears the name of the Yorkshire village where he was born and raised, Wycliffe-on-Tees in northern England. This archbishop opposed Huss strongly and denounced both Wycliffe's and his writings. In the early sixteenth century, they experienced a revival which led to the condemnation of many of its members who were killed as a result. The uncovering of the heretical views of Rome made a deep impression on many of the people throughout Bohemia. Thus, his remains were dug up and burned in the manner of a heretic, and his ashes scattered to the winds over the river Swift.
You can access the transcript for this episode on our website. Huss delivered a speech during that crusade, which was believed to have been extracted from the book of Wycliffe, De Eclessia. His family owned land in that village, and by the time he was twelve or thereabouts, the village fell under the jurisdiction of the second son of King Edward III, John of Gaunt, who would later figure prominently in Wycliffe's life. Wycliffe, who became famous for his bookish learning and keen logic, left the school briefly to enter politics in service to the crown. Both men are important in their time as well as going forward as they make important contributions in writing and in the theological realm of study.
John Huss: Forerunner of the Reformation on the Continent
Among the men who challenged that long-held viewpoint were John Wycliffe and John Huss. He was imprisoned once more and four weeks would pass while the council considered the matter. I pray thee to have mercy on my enemies. The attacks on Pope Gregory XI grew ever more extreme. The problem has always been that the writers and translators of these adaptations have tended to add their views to the Bible. His conviction that the Scriptures are to be obeyed above all things take heed church! A prior pre-Reformation reform was attempted around 1173 by a man named Waldo, who was a merchant that decided to give all his wealth to the poor.
