"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock," written by T.S. Eliot in 1915, is a poem that delves into the inner turmoil and feelings of inadequacy of the speaker, J. Alfred Prufrock. Through the use of literary devices such as imagery, symbolism, and metaphor, Eliot portrays Prufrock as a lonely, isolated, and indecisive character who is unable to connect with others and lacks self-confidence.
The poem begins with Prufrock introducing himself as "an ordinary man," who is "measuring out [his] life in coffee spoons." This imagery of mundane, everyday tasks serves to emphasize Prufrock's ordinariness and lack of grandiosity. The use of the word "coffee spoons" also suggests a sense of boredom and routine, as coffee is often associated with a daily routine or a pick-me-up.
Prufrock's isolation is further emphasized through the use of imagery in the line "I have measured out my life in coffee spoons." The use of the word "measured" suggests that Prufrock's life is limited and confined, and the fact that he is measuring it out in coffee spoons rather than something more significant further adds to his feelings of insignificance. This idea is further developed in the line "I am the curator of the Museum of Human Kindness," where Prufrock compares himself to a curator, suggesting that he is disconnected from the world and observing it from a distance.
Symbolism is also used to convey Prufrock's feelings of isolation and indecisiveness. The "overwhelming question" that Prufrock refers to throughout the poem symbolizes the internal struggle and uncertainty he faces. Prufrock is unable to make a decision or take action, as he says "Do I dare, and do I dare?" This symbolizes Prufrock's fear of rejection and his inability to connect with others.
The use of metaphor in the line "I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each" serves to further emphasize Prufrock's isolation and detachment from the world. Mermaids are mythical creatures that are often associated with the sea, and the use of this metaphor suggests that Prufrock is cut off from the world and unable to connect with others.
In conclusion, T.S. Eliot uses imagery, symbolism, and metaphor in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" to portray the speaker, J. Alfred Prufrock, as a lonely, isolated, and indecisive character who lacks self-confidence and is unable to connect with others. Through these literary devices, Eliot conveys the inner turmoil and feelings of inadequacy that Prufrock experiences.