A distillation is a process used to separate and purify liquids based on their differences in boiling point. Simple distillation is a method used to separate a mixture of two or more liquids with close boiling points, typically less than 25 °C apart. It involves heating the mixture to a temperature where one of the liquids boils and then condensing the resulting vapor back into a liquid form.
The purpose of a simple distillation lab report is to document the process and results of a simple distillation experiment. The introduction of a simple distillation lab report should provide background information on the distillation process and the purpose of the experiment. It should also include a brief overview of the materials and methods used in the experiment.
One important aspect to include in the introduction is the reason for performing the distillation. For example, a simple distillation may be performed to purify a liquid or to separate a mixture of two or more liquids. It is also important to provide any relevant information about the properties of the liquids being distilled, such as their boiling points and densities.
In addition to providing background information on the distillation process and the purpose of the experiment, the introduction should also outline the objectives or goals of the experiment. For example, the objectives might include determining the percent yield of a purified liquid or identifying the components of a mixture.
Finally, the introduction should also provide a brief overview of the materials and methods used in the experiment. This should include a list of the equipment and materials needed, as well as a description of the steps followed during the distillation process.
Overall, the introduction of a simple distillation lab report should provide enough information to give the reader a clear understanding of the purpose and objectives of the experiment, as well as the materials and methods used to carry it out.
Simple Distillation Lab Report .docx
The minimum number of plates would be 3 c. Furthermore, I hypothesized that cyclohexane and p-xylene distill better than cyclohexane and toluene since cyclohexane and p-xylene have a larger boiling point difference than cyclohexane and toluene. Find the normal boiling point of benzene and toluene from the graph. Fractional distillation is used when the difference in boiling point of two substance is close to each other. Each part had to be assembled for use. Overall, this experiment provided a greater understanding of simple and fractional distillation techniques and their subsequent efficiency. Introduction Part one: Distillation is a method used to purify a mixture.
Furthermore, by conducting this experiment, students would develop a better understand of distillation and gas chromatography. Alka Seltzer Dissolve Lab Report 1721 Words 7 Pages Problem: How does the temperature of water used to dissolve an Alka-Seltzer tablet affect the amount of time it would take for the tablet to completely dissolve? As well, while fractional distillation is more difficult due to the added fractionating column and insulation, it allows for better separation and condensation of the individual compounds. Two people took data on the temperature and the amount of distillate collected. We had to follow the temperature versus volume plot in real time. There was no large jump in temperature difference during the distillation.
Discussion and conclusions: The percent yield of distillate that I was able to collect was 53% which is not too bad since there was a few mL more of Methanol-Water mixture left in the round bottom Flask. Following the distillations, we concluded that the two unknown hydrocarbons were cyclohexane and toluene. Part Two: The same method is repeated but this time with a fractional column added to the distillation apparatus. Cyclohexane Distillation 542 Words 3 Pages Introduction The purpose of this lab was to compare simple distillations of two sets of liquids by graphing the boiling points. After both the simple and fractional distillation was complete, we concluded that the two unknowns were cyclohexane and toluene. When the liquid mixture containing 50 mol % benzene and 50 mol % toluene is heated to its boiling point, what % of benzene and toluene the vapor formed? If better resources are available, a more accurate and better thermometer should be used for both distillations.
When an Alka-Seltzer tablet is dropped into h20, a chemical reaction immediately takes place and produces bubbles made out of carbon dioxide as a product of the collision Olson 2. Chemical Name Chemical structure b. Despite the fractional distillation resulting in a smaller, yet still greater amount of holdup when compared to simple distillation, fractional distillation is still the more appropriate method for separating unknown hydrocarbons. For the mixture comprised of 50 mol % benzene and 50 mol % toluene, at what temperature will the mixture begin to boil. Through this experiment which utilized both simple and fractional techniques, the identities of two unknown compounds were found.
A longer fractionating column would be essentially better in terms of a lower amount of holdup due to a greater, increased surface area 3. As distillation involves boiling a solution and condensing its vapors, the composition of the distillate is identical to the composition of the vapors. The warming took an average of 30 minutes. The temperature is expected to increase gradually until distillate is collected with out no sudden rise in temperature. By using the Fractional distillation method, better result is expected.
They were removed after the time elapsed. If the composition in d is condensed what would be more enriched compared to the mixture of the 50 mol % benzene and 50 mol % toluene? During the simple distillation, the first unknown began to vaporize and condense into distillate around 89°C to 92°C , which was a sufficient indicator that the first unknown could potentially be either be cyclohexane or 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane as their boiling points are 81°C and 99°C respectively. As well the product can be pure 2-propanol if the temperature is decreased before the 1-butanol begins to condense. Now, distillation is used to reduce the high mineral content of hard water or sea water, and the result is bottled water that you can buy in a grocery store. In the end, it was discovered that one may actually separate a homogeneous mixture, given that the components of said mixture differ in volatility and that they utilize a complete distillation set-up and follow laboratory safety rules and regulations. Results and Observations: Unknown Compounds 1027 Words 5 Pages Next, a 100 mL graduated cylinder was used to measure 60 mL of distilled water. The solutions were allowed to cool to room temperature using an ice bath.
Once students collected the first 1ml, the 25ml of distillate and the remaining drops, we were able to determine the mole fraction of cyclohexane by using gas chromatography. Although our data was within the range of expected temperatures, a precise thermometer could reveal better data and calculations. The end of the thermometer should be about half-way down the opening of the side arm of the distillation head. Introduction Part one: Distillation is a method used to purify a mixture. This error or temperature could be derived from a potential faulty thermometer or improper set up of the fractional apparatus. Moreover, it is possible liberating harmful gases during the process of heating; therefore, being careful is important. Once the apparatus is prepared 13 mL of Methanol and water mixture is slowly heated.
Additionally, in regards to fractional distillation, using a different type of highly porous, non-absorbent material highly porous, non-absorbent material within the fractionating column, instead of copper wire, could potentially change the results and yield more distillate, less holdup. Not only did the data from the two distillations support in identifying the unknown liquids, but additionally concluded that a fractional distillation is more efficient in comparison to simple distillation as you are able to differentiate between small, yet significant differences in the temperature due to multiple vaporization and condensations. We collected distillate until we had successive temperature readings around boiling point of water 100 degrees Celsius. This paper aims to discusses the order of the boiling points of 3-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methylbutanal, 1-Hexanol and 1-Pentanol, examining the differences between them. .
Nevertheless, as expected, the general temperature difference and range of the two unknowns was more efficiently seen through fractional distillation. Following the two distillations, the data revealed that the two unknown compounds in the liquid were cyclohexane and toluene. The process of fermentation and distillation used to produce the spirit, are the main chemistry concepts that link this article to the course. One reason the distillation could possibly be unsuccessful is because the starting temperature at which the mixture began to distillate was approximately 66 ÌŠC which is approximately 2 ÌŠ more than the boiling point of methanol. Simple distillation is used when the difference between the boiling point of a mixture is greater than 40- 50 ÌŠC.
