A research report is a document that presents the findings of a research project or study. It is typically organized into sections, each of which serves a specific purpose in communicating the overall results of the research.
One common format for a research report is the IMRAD format, which stands for Introduction, Methods, Results, And Discussion.
The Introduction section provides an overview of the research question or problem being addressed, and sets the context for the study. It should include a review of relevant literature and explain the purpose and significance of the research.
The Methods section describes the research design and the procedures used to collect and analyze data. This section should provide enough detail for a reader to understand and replicate the study, but should not be so detailed that it becomes tedious to read.
The Results section presents the data collected during the study and any statistical analyses that were performed. It should present the findings in a clear and concise manner, and include tables, figures, and other visual aids as appropriate.
The Discussion section interprets the results and explains their significance in relation to the research question or problem. It should also discuss any limitations of the study and suggest directions for future research.
In addition to these main sections, a research report may also include an abstract, a list of references, and appendices containing additional information such as survey instruments or detailed descriptions of statistical analyses.
An example of a research report format is shown below:
Title: The Effects of Exercise on Mental Health in Older Adults
Abstract: This study examined the relationship between exercise and mental health in a sample of older adults. Results showed that those who exercised regularly had significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety compared to those who did not exercise. The findings suggest that exercise may have a positive impact on mental health in older adults.
Introduction:
- Background and context for the research question
- Statement of the research question or problem
- Purpose and significance of the study
Methods:
- Participants: description of the sample and any inclusion/exclusion criteria
- Procedure: description of how data was collected
- Measures: description of the instruments or tools used to assess mental health and exercise behavior
Results:
- Summary of the main findings
- Tables and figures presenting the data
- Statistical analyses performed
Discussion:
- Interpretation of the results
- Significance of the findings in relation to the research question
- Limitations of the study
- Suggestions for future research
References:
- List of sources cited in the report
Appendices:
- Any additional materials, such as survey instruments or detailed descriptions of statistical analyses