Compare realism and liberalism. Compare And Contrast Liberalism And Realism 2022-10-05

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Realism and liberalism are two major theories in international relations that have significantly shaped the way states interact with one another and understand the world around them. While both approaches have their own unique perspectives on international relations, they also have some important differences that set them apart.

Realism is a theory that emphasizes the role of power and national interest in shaping international relations. Realists argue that states are motivated by self-interest and will use any means necessary to achieve their goals, including military force and economic coercion. They view the international system as a competitive and anarchy, where states must fend for themselves and protect their own interests.

Liberalism, on the other hand, is a theory that emphasizes cooperation and the role of international institutions in shaping international relations. Liberalists argue that states can and should work together to achieve common goals, such as promoting global peace and prosperity. They view the international system as a community of states that can and should work together to address common challenges.

One key difference between realism and liberalism is their understanding of human nature. Realists tend to view humans as inherently selfish and self-interested, while liberalists view humans as capable of cooperation and altruism. This difference in understanding of human nature leads to different predictions about how states will behave in the international system. Realists expect states to act in their own self-interest and pursue power and security at all costs, while liberalists believe that states can and should work together to address common challenges.

Another key difference is the role of international institutions. Realists tend to be skeptical of international institutions, arguing that they are ineffective in shaping international relations and often serve as tools for powerful states to pursue their own interests. Liberalists, on the other hand, view international institutions as important tools for promoting cooperation and resolving disputes peacefully.

Despite these differences, realism and liberalism do share some common ground. Both approaches recognize the role of power and national interest in shaping international relations, and both recognize the importance of maintaining a balance of power to avoid conflicts. However, they differ in their approaches to achieving this balance and their understanding of the role of international institutions in shaping international relations.

In conclusion, realism and liberalism are two major theories in international relations that offer different perspectives on how states interact with one another and understand the world around them. While they share some common ground, they also have significant differences in their understanding of human nature, the role of international institutions, and the role of power and national interest in shaping international relations.

Liberalism vs. Realism, Case Study Example

compare realism and liberalism

By contrast, liberal theories reject such approach and state that the impacts of anarchy may be mitigated with the help of liberal institutionalism, free trade and democratization. Realism Vs Liberalism And Issues In World Politics Politics Essay. This might also represent a challenge to global integration Chua 4. Introduction to international relations: Theories and approaches. This can be seen in the experience of Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore.

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Realism, Liberalism, Marxism and the Phenomenon of Global Integration Essay Example

compare realism and liberalism

The interaction between states is controlled by the interests of states. Hobbes painted a dark, pessimistic picture of the world with almost no hope for a peaceful future. If this situation remains unchecked, it may escalate such that violence may be instigated by marginalized groups Chua 5. The first theory to be dealt with is Realism. During those times, these states protected their own interests in dealing with other states and governments. Theodore Roosevelt believed that corporations were good for America, but he also believed that corporate behavior must be watched to ensure that corporate greed did not get out of hand. In public discourses, people have the opportunity to redefine the substance of security, instead of leaving it to international foreign policy elites.

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Realism and Liberalism Differences

compare realism and liberalism

Consequently, security would be enhanced, and states would have more possibility to concentrate on other concerns, such as the well-being. One of the most important factors of new reality was the birth of a nuclear weapon; the existence of such would inevitably lead to the re-shaping previous views of the international politics and world order. For the Marxist theorist, the wealthy nations have accumulated their capital through colonization. Liberalism in the 1700s was the belief of freedom and equals rights generally associated with the enlightenment thinkers, John Locke and Montesquieu as defined by wikipedia. As such, they can freely express their own sentiments and views against their governments and the dominant states of the world Chua 4. However, there is a difference in the manner in which the two theories expresses the channels of pursuing power by the actors. Finally, realists are confident in a thought that military institution is the general kind of power.

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What are the main differences between realism and liberalism in the study of international relations?

compare realism and liberalism

Besides, the United States foreign policy in the Middle East is always justified under national interests of insecurity that gives the right to infringe the international humanitarian laws. This definition has been used as there is not one single universally agreed definition of the term because each such attempt is met with criticism from various parties clamouring to get their part in. For liberals, the struggle of international politics is not solely reflected in the struggle for power, but also in the struggle for security. On the other hand, the non-globalizers have continued to uphold a policy of protectionism and anti-globalization. The prime practitioner of Realism, the U. Bristol, England: E-INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PUBLISHING, pp. Classical realism took place at a very dark time in Europe.

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Comparison between Realist and Liberal Views on Security

compare realism and liberalism

For liberals therefore, economic progress is clearly an important factor for global integration. Yet, this domination of minorities undermines the free-market economics of a democracy. After World War I, the Germans were forced to look for an exit of the severe situation, probably the worst situation ever, which they were facing due to the consequences that this war brought upon them. As opposed to political realism theory, liberalism sees state of nature more benign, where humans can learn to cooperate in order to improve their lives. For liberals, people have the possibility to organize their lives in a just and harmonious way without being dependent on the state.


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Realism Vs Liberalism And Issues In World Politics Politics Essay

compare realism and liberalism

Military intervention is no longer considered to be the only effective way of solving conflicts. Also it is essential for states to be prepared for any conflict or war, thus military power of the state is also one of the main goals, even more important than economic power. Realism, liberalism and the international system The international system is best understood through the exploration of the systems theory. Ethiopia plans to become carbon-free by 2025 Held 15; Carbon Neutral. The view of realism on global integration will be explored further in a latter section of this paper. Despite this, Realism is not perfect and has weaknesses most recognised by Waltz as analysis at the state and human level.

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Comparison between Theories: Realism vs. Liberalism

compare realism and liberalism

Financial organisations are viable at encouraging dependencies due to the advantages of monetary interdependence. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2006. Realists view of international relations emphasizes on that the probability of non-violent alteration is constrained and for a state leader to depend on such thinking would be foolish Antunes and Camisao, 2018, p. This idea is followed by the belief in strong international institutions to provide not only conflict resolutions tools for the states, but also to create a complex international interdependence, which creates a strong global bond and further ensures international peace. The twenty-first century also witnessed the global rise of terrorism and the emergence of a new kind of international warfare.

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International Relationsā€™ Theories Realism vs. Liberalism Essay Example

compare realism and liberalism

Liberalism In The Progressive Era 479 Words 2 Pages When trying to define a word such as Liberalism it seems difficult to find a solid definition. These are a perfect example of transnational unifications, which are absolutely borderless and are extremely powerful on the global arena. The underlying objective of this was to secure the interests of German Nazis against others. Our beliefs about how the world works are also shaped by our life experiences, by whom we happened to meet in college or graduate school, by important real-world events, and even by purely instrumental incentives such as the availability of research funding. The final shortcoming comprises both international and state analysis levels and comprises a deficiency in regarding the recently expanded impact of non-state actors. Realism and the comprehension of power According to Wechsler 2010 , realism is a theory that is two dimensional. In general, the attitude of realism to the morality principles has a relativistic nature.

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