Plato happiness. The Philosophy of Happiness in Life (+ Aristotle's View) 2022-10-04
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Plato, one of the most influential philosophers in Western philosophy, had a unique view of happiness. According to Plato, happiness is not something that can be pursued or obtained through external means, such as wealth or pleasure. Instead, he believed that happiness is something that can only be achieved by living a virtuous life and fulfilling one's potential.
In Plato's philosophy, the concept of happiness is closely tied to the concept of the good life. In his dialogues, Plato often presents the idea that the good life is one in which a person's soul is harmoniously aligned with the eternal and universal Forms, or Ideas. These Forms, which Plato believed were the ultimate source of reality and knowledge, represent the perfect and eternal embodiment of concepts such as justice, beauty, and goodness.
For Plato, the good life is one in which a person's soul is able to contemplate and understand the eternal Forms, and this contemplation leads to true happiness. In contrast, a life focused on external pleasures or material goods is ultimately shallow and unfulfilling, and will not bring true happiness.
Plato believed that achieving happiness required living a virtuous life and following the path of wisdom. This meant living in accordance with reason and following a moral code that promoted the common good. Plato argued that living a virtuous life would lead to happiness because it would allow a person's soul to be in harmony with the eternal Forms, and this alignment would bring inner peace and fulfillment.
In addition to living a virtuous life, Plato believed that happiness also required the cultivation of certain virtues or qualities. These included wisdom, courage, justice, and moderation. For Plato, these virtues were essential because they helped a person to live a balanced and harmonious life, and to make wise and moral decisions.
In conclusion, Plato's view of happiness is significantly different from the more superficial and materialistic views that are often promoted in modern society. According to Plato, happiness is not something that can be pursued or obtained through external means, but rather it is something that is achieved by living a virtuous life and fulfilling one's potential. This requires the cultivation of certain virtues and a focus on the eternal Forms, which represent the perfect embodiment of concepts such as justice, beauty, and goodness.
Plato's Argument for Rule by Philosopher Kings
Appropriately ruled non-philosophers can enjoy the capacity to do what they want only so long as their circumstances are appropriately ruled, and this makes their success far less stable than what the philosophers enjoy. What is a good life Aristotle? Socrates can assume that a just city is always more successful or happy than an unjust city. Courage, moderation, and justice presuppose a certain steadfastness of character as well as a harmony of purpose among the disparate parts of the soul, but their goodness depends entirely on the intellectual part of the soul, just as the virtue of the citizens in the just state depends on the wisdom of the philosopher kings R. However, when we ask why we think humans are the only types of beings that can be morally wronged, we begin to see that the class of beings able to recognize moral claims and the class of beings who can suffer moral wrongs are not co-extensive. Justice, then, requires the other virtues.
The Moral Status of Animals (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
But through the association thus formed, it may be felt a good in itself, and desired as such with as great intensity as any other good. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development and wellbeing. Love, by contrast, is a desire of the needy for the beautiful and the good 199c—201c. The dividing line between the legitimate and illegitimate use of our freedom, however, is surely difficult to draw. Who can imagine that a man who sold his son or daughter into slavery for money, especially if he sold them into the hands of fierce and evil men, would be the gainer, however large might be the sum which he received? In Science Plato's contributions to science, as that of most other Greek philosophers, were dwarfed by Aristotle's. But goodness itself, the Good, transcends the natural world; it is a supernatural property. In any other sense than this, I do not.
Plato’s Ethics: An Overview (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Words denote the objects which they are true of; they connote specific attributes of those objects. By this he is a person…. Wisdom is a virtue that the Rulers are endowed with, and courage is the highest virtue of the Guardians. Note also that it is not enough to think about doing the right thing, or even intend to do the right thing: we have to actually do it. But democracy honors all pursuits equally, which opens the city to conflict and disorder.
But this difference seems due to a difference in perspective rather than to a change of mind. A significant remaining question is whether there is a constraint placed on morality by the logic of that emotion: whether, in other words, there are certain actions which, because of the nature of the emotion of blame, cannot be regarded as morally wrong Jacobson 2008. Book Five Book Five is a deeper discussion, where the social constructs of the city are broken down. What shall we say to him? This response is not unlike that of noted animal rights proponent, Tom Regan, who argues that what is important for moral consideration are not the differences between humans and non-humans but the similarities. Plato's Republic: Central Questions The two central questions in Plato's Republic are, 'what is justice' and 'what is the relationship of justice to happiness? Other feminist philosophers have taken issue with the supposedly morally neutral methods of argumentation used to establish the moral status of animals. However, as well as these objective reasons why happiness is important, happiness also brings with it some positive experiences and feelings.
The good for a human is different from the good for an animal because we have different capacities or potentialities. Yes, he said, the same will happen with the spirited element also. He needs to discuss the objects of various kinds of psychological attitudes in order to complete his account. Live in the moment Though easier said than done, a helpful way to create happy moments in life is to live for the moment — not to ruminate about the past, or to focus on the future. Some of his other works are referenced or alluded to by contemporary scholars, but the original material is gone. But perhaps neither is prior to the other. This optimism suggests that the motivations to do what is right are acquired early in moral education, built into a soul that might become, eventually, perfectly just.
The Philosophy of Happiness in Life (+ Aristotle's View)
The Moral Considerability of Animals To say that a being deserves moral consideration is to say that there is a moral claim that this being can make on those who can recognize such claims. Even the timocracy and oligarchy, for all their flaws, have public standards for value. Socrates introduces the first city not as a free-standing ideal but as the beginning of his account of the ideal, and his way of starting highlights two features that make the eventual ideal an ideal. While Plato aimed to use mathematics and philosophy to help Dionysius II, he did not succeed because Dionysius II did not want to learn those concepts to be a good or just ruler. Moreover, the indictment of the poets involves a wide-ranging discussion of art. The philosopher, by contrast, is most able to do what she wants to do, for she wants to do what is best, and as long as one has agency, there would seem to be a doable best. So the unjust person fails to be moderate, or fails to be wise, or fails to be courageous.
John Stuart Mill (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
But this would be surprising, if true. This distinction is then applied to the soul: because it always causes life in whatever it occupies, it must have life as its essential property, which it cannot lose. The first part describes the structure of the world-soul and its replication in the human soul in a way that combines the formal principles with those of mathematics and harmonics and illustrates it with fantastic imagery 29d—47e. The Cambridge Companion to Mill, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 57—111. Often the lesser good promises immediate pleasure and is more tempting, while the greater good is painful and requires some sort of sacrifice.
Count your blessings and be thankful Gratitude is known to increase happiness. Furthermore, the fact that a certain problem or its solution is not mentioned in a dialogue does not mean that Plato was unaware of it. Book One In Book One, Socrates and Plato's brother, Glaucon, are traveling home from a festival when they come upon another brother of Plato, named Adeimantus, who was also traveling with a rich Athenian named Polemarchus. System, VII: 500 This is not to deny the role of hypothesis in investigation altogether, however. Plato The most famous student of the Greek philosopher Socrates was Plato, who was born around the year 427 BC in Athens, Greece. It contains no provision for war, and no distinction among classes. Not that ethics and politics exhaust the concerns of the Republic.
At 472b—473b, Socrates says that the point of his ideal is to allow us to judge actual cities and persons based on how well they approximate it. He who is undetected only gets worse, whereas he who is detected and punished has the brutal part of his nature silenced and humanized; the gentler element in him is liberated, and his whole soul is perfected and ennobled by the acquirement of justice and temperance and wisdom, more than the body ever is by receiving gifts of beauty, strength and health, in proportion as the soul is more honourable than the body. Die Ethik des gemischten Lebens in Platons Philebos, Sankt Augustin: Academia Verlag. Because plants seek nourishment and growth, they have souls and can be even said to be satisfied when they attain these goals Animal: all the creatures we study as belonging to the animal kingdom. Translation with Commentary, Oxford: Oxford University Press 2008.
