India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with a multi-tiered system of government. The Constitution of India, which was adopted in 1950, provides for a hierarchical system of courts, with the Supreme Court at the apex and various high courts, district courts, and other courts at the state and local levels.
There are currently 24 high courts in India, each of which is located in a state or union territory and serves as the highest court of appeal for that jurisdiction. The high courts are responsible for interpreting and enforcing the laws of the state or union territory, as well as hearing appeals from lower courts.
The high courts in India have jurisdiction over a wide range of cases, including civil and criminal matters, as well as constitutional and administrative cases. They also have the power to issue writs, which are court orders directing a person or government agency to perform a specific action or refrain from taking a specific action.
The high courts in India are headed by a Chief Justice, who is assisted by a number of judges. The judges of the high courts are appointed by the President of India, on the recommendation of the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the state or union territory in which the high court is located.
In addition to the 24 high courts, there are also several other specialized courts in India, including the National Green Tribunal, which deals with cases related to environmental protection, and the Armed Forces Tribunal, which handles cases involving the military.
Overall, the high courts in India play a crucial role in the country's legal system, serving as a vital check and balance on the actions of the government and helping to ensure that the rule of law is upheld throughout the country.
