Perils of obedience. PERILS OF OBEDIENCE — ITZIAR BARRIO 2022-10-15
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Obedience is a trait that is highly valued in many societies. It is often seen as a virtue that is essential for the functioning of social groups, as it allows individuals to follow rules and orders that contribute to the greater good. However, obedience can also have negative consequences, particularly when it leads individuals to blindly follow authority without questioning its actions or decisions.
One of the most famous examples of the perils of obedience is the Stanford prison experiment, conducted by psychologist Philip Zimbardo in 1971. In this experiment, college students were randomly assigned roles as guards or prisoners in a simulated prison environment. Despite the fact that the experiment was supposed to last two weeks, it had to be terminated after just six days due to the disturbing behavior of the guards and the psychological distress of the prisoners. The guards became abusive and sadistic, and the prisoners became submissive and anxious. This experiment demonstrated the dangers of blindly following authority, as the guards felt that their actions were justified because they were following orders from their superiors.
Another example of the perils of obedience can be seen in the actions of soldiers in various wars throughout history. In many cases, soldiers have been ordered to carry out atrocities that go against their moral principles, and have been punished for disobeying orders. For example, during the Holocaust, many soldiers were ordered to kill innocent civilians and were punished if they refused. While obedience may have been seen as a virtue at the time, it ultimately led to the suffering and death of countless innocent people.
Obedience can also have negative consequences in more everyday situations. For example, in some workplaces, employees may feel pressure to blindly follow orders from their superiors, even if they disagree with them or feel that they are unethical. This can lead to a toxic work environment and can contribute to a culture of fear and suppression.
In conclusion, while obedience can be a valuable trait in some situations, it is important to carefully consider the consequences of blindly following authority. It is essential to maintain one's own moral principles and to be willing to question authority when necessary. Obedience can have serious negative consequences, particularly when it leads individuals to act against their own values or to harm others.
The Perils of Obedience
This was a sheer reaction to a totally impossible situation. Each session of the experiment involved three parties: the experimenter, the teacher and the learner. The experimenter, Stanley Milgram, had to change the design and add more safeguards to protect the participants. This can occur in many places and situations like families, work, and even school. After 450 volts were administered three times, the experimenter called a halt to the session.
However, the investigation showed that all of them were not familiar with one another. If one considers that almost two-thirds of the participants fall into the category of "obedient" subjects, and that they represented ordinary people drawn from working, managerial, and professional classes, the argument becomes very shaky. Before the start of the experiment, the teacher and the learner arrived together and were introduced to each other. This experiment was conducted one year after the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem. They neglect the ethical aspect of their work and the importance to identify the morale of the duties established. Before starting the experiment, a sample electric shock was administered to the teacher to give him an idea of what the learner would be supposedly going through during the experiment.
In this experiment two people come into the laboratory where they are told they will be taking part in a study of memory and learning. You better check in on him, sir. The thesis of Milgram's essay was that obedience is a deeply ingrained behavior tendency; indeed, a potent impulse overriding reining ethics, sympathy and moral conduct is right on the dot. The learner, who is strapped to an electric chair, would be required to remember the words associated to one another. When the interviewer pursues the general question of tension, Mr. With remarkable similarity, they predicted that virtually all the subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter.
In the same way, marketers convince you to purchase their products and services by using the authority principle. What would you do if you were the teacher? All details and the main aims were determined by the author showing rather paradoxical results. Deception: Milgram's Study Of Obedience 535 Words 3 Pages Deception from a moral viewpoint would be something that is seen as wrong, but in a study or experiment for research I think deception is something that is necessary to gain certain knowledge that we wouldn 't be able to gain using regular methods. If the learner did not correctly respond the teacher would be required to administer an electric shock ranging from 15 to 450 volts. Both of these studies are based on how human beings react to authority figures and what their obedience is when faced with conflict.
He has a rough-hewn face that conveys a conspicuous lack of altertness. Prozi: I think something's happened to that fellow in there. In 1974, Milgram published The Perils of Obedience, a summary of his experiments. Somehow, it was felt that the monstrous deeds carried out by Eichmann required a brutal, twisted personality, evil incarnate. And being totally helpless and caught up in a set of circumstances where l just couldn't deviate and I couldn't try to help.
Copyright 1974 by Stanley Milgram. What is extraordinary is his apparent total indifference to the learner; he hardly takes cognizance of him as a human being. Three of the forty subjects did not go beyond the very lowest level on the board, twenty-eight went no higher than 75 volts, and thirty-eight did not go beyond the first loud protest at 150 volts. Hitler's Essay: The Perils Of Obedience 1596 Words 7 Pages The experiment set up at Yale University was to measure how much pain an ordinary citizen would mete out onto another person just because an authoritative direction or instruction to do so was given. However, there is a darker side. Brandt: Well, I'm sorry. The experimental outcome was the same as we had observed among the students.
The Perils Of Obedience Stanley Milgram Summary Essay on Book, Education
. Compare And Contrast The Milgram Experiment And The Stanford Prison Experiment 810 Words 4 Pages Since the beginning of the human existence, man has always dominated and ruled over one another be it empires, corporations, or small groups. Conclusion To conclude, it is vital to state on rather creative and well-designed organization of the Milgram experiment. Each switch is clearly labeled with a voltage designation ranging from 14 to 450 volts. All the 40 subjects who participated in the study obeyed the instructions of the experimenter and delivered the electric shocks up to 300 volts.
In 2009, Santa Clara University professor Jerry M. In spite of what top psychologists assumed the outcome would be, the results were astounding. Are you all right, Experimenter: Please continue, Teacher. The person had complete power over the other individual, whom he could punish whenever he saw fit. Her work demonstrates how obedience trumps morality and gives support for this phenomena with examples from history.
The experimenter took pains to point out that the teacher could use the highest levels on the generator, the lowest, any in between, or any combination of levels. The real focus of the experiment is the teacher. What is it that makes individuals follow orders or fall into line when told to by people in authority? The psychiatrist, specifically, predicted that most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts, when the victim makes his first explicit demand to be freed. The results of the experiments have important implications for our understanding of obedience and authority. He is told that he will be read lists of simple word pairs, and that he will then be tested on his ability to remember the second word of a pair when he hears the first one again. Annoyed, Batta turns to him, and chastises him: "You better answer and get it over with. She indicates in the interview that she was in no way tense or nervous, and this corresponds to her controlled appearance during the experiment.
