The New Colossus is a poem written by American poet and abolitionist Emma Lazarus in 1883. It is perhaps best known for being engraved on a plaque and mounted inside the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty in New York City, which has made it a symbol of hope and freedom for millions of people around the world.
The poem begins with the line "Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame," which is a reference to the Colossus of Rhodes, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The Colossus of Rhodes was a massive statue of the sun god Helios that stood over the entrance to the harbor of the island of Rhodes. It was destroyed by an earthquake in 226 BC, but the image of the Colossus has lived on in literature and art as a symbol of strength and power.
In contrast to the Colossus of Rhodes, the Statue of Liberty is described as "mild eyes" and "mother of exiles." This imagery suggests that the Statue of Liberty is a welcoming and nurturing presence, rather than a symbol of oppression or domination. The phrase "mother of exiles" is particularly significant, as it suggests that the Statue of Liberty is a mother figure who protects and cares for those who have been forced to leave their homes and seek refuge in a new land.
The poem goes on to describe the Statue of Liberty as a beacon of hope for those who are "homeless, tempest-tost," meaning those who are without a home and have been battered by storms and hardships. The phrase "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" is often cited as one of the most famous lines in the poem, and it speaks to the universal desire for freedom and the opportunity to live a better life.
The final stanza of the poem speaks to the idea of the United States as a melting pot, where people of all nations, creeds, and races can come together and create a new, more perfect society. The phrase "her beacon-hand glows world-wide welcome" suggests that the Statue of Liberty is inviting people from all corners of the globe to come to the United States and be a part of this grand experiment.
In conclusion, The New Colossus is a powerful and inspiring poem that celebrates the ideals of freedom, hope, and opportunity. Its message is as relevant today as it was when it was written, and it continues to inspire people all over the world to pursue their dreams and work towards a better future.