Atwood machine lab. Atwood machine 2022-10-22

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An Atwood machine is a simple device used to demonstrate the principles of dynamics and kinematics. It consists of two masses connected by a string that passes over a pulley. The Atwood machine is named after the 19th century American scientist, George Atwood, who first described it in a paper published in 1784.

In an Atwood machine lab, students can perform experiments to determine the acceleration of the masses and the forces acting on them. The setup is relatively simple, consisting of a pulley, two masses, and a string. The masses are placed on either side of the pulley and the string is passed over the pulley and attached to the masses. The masses are then allowed to accelerate under the influence of gravity.

One of the main goals of an Atwood machine lab is to determine the acceleration of the masses. This can be done by measuring the time it takes for the masses to fall a certain distance and using the formula for acceleration (a = (v-v0)/t). The acceleration can also be calculated by measuring the forces acting on the masses and using the formula F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.

Another common experiment in an Atwood machine lab is to determine the tension in the string. This can be done by measuring the forces acting on the masses and using the formula T = F - mg, where T is the tension in the string, F is the force acting on the mass, and m is the mass. The tension in the string can also be calculated by measuring the acceleration of the masses and using the formula T = ma, where T is the tension in the string, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.

In addition to these basic experiments, there are many other variations and applications of the Atwood machine. For example, students can experiment with different mass ratios, pulley diameters, and friction coefficients to see how these factors affect the motion of the masses. The Atwood machine can also be used to demonstrate the conservation of energy and the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy.

Overall, the Atwood machine is a useful tool for teaching students about the principles of dynamics and kinematics. It is a simple and effective way to demonstrate important concepts and help students develop a deeper understanding of the physical world.

Atwood machine

atwood machine lab

The slope of this portion is the calculated acceleration. An Atwood machine contains of two masses attached to a string draped over a pulley. That means that in the direction of M2, the net acceleration vector exists, as shown in the figure. Keys to solving Atwood Machine problems are recognizing that the force transmitted by a string or rope, known as tension, is constant throughout the string, and choosing a consistent direction as positive. The denominator is the total mass involved.

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(DOC) Atwood Lab Report

atwood machine lab

These could help improve the accuracy of readings and save time. Because of the linear portion of the velocity versus time graph, we can conclude that constant acceleration is present. Use the Escape key on a keyboard or comparable method to exit from full-screen mode. We also held the hangers at more consistent heights and dropped them in the same manner each time. We analyzed the motion of two objects in a frictionless environment that are connected by a string. By the assumption of an ideal string the tension is the same throughout the string. The smart pulley apparatus and photo gates were set up as shown in the bottom left.

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Lab 4

atwood machine lab

Show some calculations to receive credit. . In this lab, we are mainly focus on the acceleration that I caused by different combinations of the masses. Based on the measurements you carry out as part of this experiment you will predict the acceleration of the system, in terms of the masses connected to the Atwood machine. This is how an elevator is constructed. Tarzan holds a vine that reaches to the ground.

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atwood lab

atwood machine lab

We know that the mass of object b is heavier than the mass of object a. The data will then be applied into kinematic equations to calculate the experimental acceleration. There will be five trials, where the time it takes the weight to reach the photogates will be recorded. A similar scenario is shown in the Atwood Machine Gizmo. The simplest case is with a massless and frictionless pulley and a massless string.

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Atwoods Device Lab

atwood machine lab

Of course, the acceleration will exist if somehow the velocity of the system changes. When one heavier mass is released it accelerates down, at the same time the lighter mass accelerates upward with the same acceleration. First, I constructed the diagram at right to represent the pulley. The masses were then held at the same height dropped to measure the acceleration of the heavier mass downwards and the lighter mass upwards. The main idea that was supposed to be covered using this lab experiment was to calculate average acceleration that we also use for plot.


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Physics Simulation: Atwood's Machine

atwood machine lab

The weights will begin at rest but will be released, causing the pulley on the Atwood Machine to pull the 100-gram weight down, past the photogates, which will then calculate the time and acceleration. Physics: Principles with Applications 5th ed. We set out to demonstrate that two unequal masses connected by a pulley would undergo constant acceleration. Using the Interactive The Atwood's Machine Interactive is shown in the iFrame below. Therefore, can be replaced with some constant. It was observed that as the masses grew closer and closer together, the acceleration decreased. To solve for the magnitude of the acceleration that both masses will experience, we can simply use the substitution method by solving one equation for the tension T, then substituting that into the other equation.

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What is the purpose of an Atwood machine lab?

atwood machine lab

HubSpot Analytics third party Varies Used to track consent and privacy settings related to HubSpot. The masses of the two weights will be 100 grams and 200 grams. It can be clearly seen that only two forces are acting on each of the masses, that is, their own weight acting downwards and the tension in the string acting upwards. How could Jane get to the branch at the same time that Tarzan travels to the ground? Click the reset button right below the bottom right of the yellow box. As one mass moves down, the other will be pulled up.

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Atwood's Machine

atwood machine lab

Our greatest uncertainty I believe arose from the acceleration calculated by the logger pro and issues at the end of each trial when the mass touched the ground. There is a second hot-spot in the lower-right corner of the iFrame. Thus, a line of best fit was calculated for the data from trials 1-10. Procedure Mass Combo 5 0 0 0 2 2 2 0. The value for acceleration is given near the top left of the yellow box. Using the standard labelling, let the smaller mass be m2, and the larger mass is m1, and since the forces are only acting in the vertical direction, we will use the summation equation for the forces along the y-axis only. The reason m 2 is being accelerated downwards is due to m 2 having a larger weight than m 1 , and therefore there is a greater downwards acting force on m 2 than m 1.

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Atwood Machine

atwood machine lab

Ideally, both the string and pulley are massless, and the pulley is frictionless. Newton's second law of motion describes the relationship between an object's mass and the amount of force needed to accelerate it. Collins and Erin V. Where is Atwood machine used? No Acceleration with Equal Masses The diagram shows a situation of equilibrium. Then, using Excel, a line of best fit was calculated to be:. Hypothesis As mass difference increases, the acceleration of the blocks will increase proportionally.

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