Surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements. ocean current 2022-11-01

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Surface currents are caused by the friction between the wind and the surface of the ocean. When the wind blows over the surface of the ocean, it creates friction, which causes the water to move. This movement of water is known as a surface current.

Surface currents are important for a number of reasons. They play a significant role in the Earth's climate by helping to distribute heat around the globe. They also affect the movement of marine life, as many species rely on the currents to migrate and find food.

There are several factors that can influence the strength and direction of surface currents. One of the most important is the direction and strength of the wind. When the wind blows in a consistent direction over a long period of time, it can create strong and persistent surface currents.

The Earth's rotation also plays a role in the movement of surface currents. The rotation of the Earth causes a phenomenon known as the Coriolis effect, which causes the currents to bend and curve as they move. This can result in the formation of large circular currents known as gyres, which can be found in each of the world's major ocean basins.

In addition to wind and the Earth's rotation, the topography of the ocean floor can also affect the movement of surface currents. When the ocean floor is shallow, it can create friction that slows the movement of the currents. On the other hand, when the ocean floor is deep, it can allow the currents to flow more freely.

Overall, surface currents are caused by the friction between the wind and the surface of the ocean. These currents play a vital role in the Earth's climate and the movement of marine life, and are influenced by a variety of factors including the direction and strength of the wind, the Earth's rotation, and the topography of the ocean floor.

Friction

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

For practical purposes, all three of these effects do the same thing: generate friction. Why do we need to decrease friction? Retrieved 10 October 2020. This way the contact is reduced and the trains can travel at very high speed. They have warmer temperatures than places at lower altitudes. This image shows bottom pressure anomaly mean of November 2009 through March 2010, relative to 2005—2012 mean over the North Atlantic basin. This is the baroclinic field of mass, which leads to currents that vary with depth. This process involves the abrasion of contact points.

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What causes friction between surfaces?

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

An increase in surface roughness will lead to higher static friction because rough surfaces greatly oppose motion in the macroscopic level and creates more contact points for irregularity interlocking. Friction When we throw a ball on the floor, it starts moving with some velocity. This means that the interlocked areas must be broken apart or plastically deformed before the object can move. Examples include the Western intensification is an effect on the western arm of an oceanic current, particularly a large gyre in an ocean basin. The oceans of the world, however, are not homogeneous.


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ocean current

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

For example, static friction is the friction that acts between the surfaces when they are at rest with respect to each other. It is difficult to slide such objects. Friction is caused by the interlocking of irregularities in the surface of two objects which are in contact with each other. Why does friction arise between two contact surfaces? Mercury, Venus, Mars, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus d. The city closer to the ocean would have cooler summer temperatures.


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Understanding Surface Currents vs Deep Ocean Currents

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

Surface irregularity are also called Asperities; a common term in material science that defines the unevenness of surfaces. Consistent Real conditions often differ, as wind strength and direction vary, and the depth may not be sufficient for the full spiral to develop, so that the angle between wind direction and surface-water movement can be as small as 15°. SURFACE ABRASION BETWEEN CONTACTING PAIR Abrasion is the process of scraping off or wearing away material surfaces by means of surface contact. For the object to slide over another surface, the adhesive force between the contact molecules must be broken. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. What is the force of friction between two surfaces? How do ocean currents affect the climate? The city farther from the ocean would have cooler summer temperatures.

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Subsurface ocean current

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

Friction is caused due to the irregularities of the surfaces in contact. The inertial effect of planetary rotation causes an offset of flow direction with increasing depth to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. What is the correct order of planets from closest to farthest from the sun? MATERIAL DEFORMATION OF STATIC OBJECT Deformation is another cause of static friction. Which statement accurately describes a difference between a mercury barometer and an aneroid barometer? It erodes the surfaces and destroys their symmetries. Read more: Friction Problem with Solution Block A is kept on top of block B; the coefficient of static friction between A and B is 0.

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What Causes Friction? Physics Q&A

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

INTERMOLECULAR BOND DUE TO SURFACE ADHESION Surface Adhesion is the driving force of static friction. A stable The net inward shallow water flow in a gyre causes the surface level to gradually slope upwards towards the centre. The measure of friction, its coefficient, is based on the roughness of the materials that come in contact with each other. Apparently, there is no known material surface that is completely devoid of surface irregularity. They carry warm water from the tropics poleward. They have less predictable temperatures than places at lower altitudes. The more the roughness, the more irregularities and more significant will be the friction.

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Earth Science B (STAY HS/gradpoint) Flashcards

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

They flow beneath the surface of the water, allowing them to be relatively free of external influence. When two objects or surfaces are brought into contact, the adhesive or electromagnetic forces attracts the molecules of the two objects together. As they get closer the molecular cohesive forces begin to take effect and the two surfaces will actually stick to each other. Electromagnetic interactions This is similar to electrostatic interactions. When the wind or some other surface force compels surface currents into motion, some of this is translated into subsurface motion. What are the factors that affect friction between two solid surfaces? In most cases, there are weak attractive forces that affect friction.

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Wind generated current

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

Why do tubeworms and hundreds of other species thrive near hydrothermal vents? The unchanged pressure gradient gives rise to a current speed independent of depth. Solution: The first step should always be to draw the F. What is the problem caused by friction? Frictional force depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact and increases with the increase in the roughness of the surface. Sticky pad is a friction device used to prevent objects from sliding on a surface, by effectively increasing the friction between the object and the surface. Still curious about static friction? The leg of the Gecko lizard is an example that uses Vander Waal forces to climb onto wall surfaces. Ocean currents play an important role in regulating the climate around the world.


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5 Causes of friction

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

Image source In addition to these regular influences, natural disasters also cause surface currents. If the two surfaces of the same material are very smooth, the molecules and atoms of one surface get closer to the molecules and atoms of the other surface. Deep currents, also known as thermohaline circulation, result from differences in water density. How do you get more atoms to interact from the two surfaces? Friction can also cause parts in contact to heat up and can cause parts in contact to wear out. What are three ways to increase friction? But this is not always true since adhesion, deformation and other friction causes listed above still have a role to play. The molecules at the opposite surface come too close to have a chemical interaction.

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6 Major Causes Of Static Friction (with Illustrations)

surface currents are caused by friction between which two elements

What are two factors that affect friction? However, they also offer a great measure of opposition to the motion. Dispersive adhesion involves the interaction between the molecules of the liquid and the molecules of the solid. This reduces the chances needed for asperity interlocking and weakens static friction. How does friction depend on the nature of the surface? Half of the surface is polished to reduce roughness but still, it has some cracks and pits. Similarly, understand the nature of different types of friction from the article below. A common example of sticky surface is the household mouse glue. It is called the Coriolis force, named after It can be shown that the Coriolis force always acts perpendicular to motion.

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