Pecuniary jurisdiction refers to the authority of a court to hear cases involving monetary claims or disputes. In Uttar Pradesh, the pecuniary jurisdiction of civil courts is determined by the value of the claim or dispute at hand.
In Uttar Pradesh, the District Court is the primary court for cases involving pecuniary jurisdiction. The District Court has the authority to hear cases involving monetary claims or disputes that are valued at more than INR 20,000. If the value of the claim or dispute is less than INR 20,000, it falls within the jurisdiction of the Small Causes Court.
The pecuniary jurisdiction of the District Court can be further divided into two categories: original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction refers to the authority of the District Court to hear cases for the first time, while appellate jurisdiction refers to the authority of the District Court to hear appeals from lower courts.
In cases involving original jurisdiction, the District Court has the authority to hear cases involving monetary claims or disputes that are valued at more than INR 50,000. If the value of the claim or dispute is between INR 20,000 and INR 50,000, it falls within the jurisdiction of the Small Causes Court, but can be appealed to the District Court.
In cases involving appellate jurisdiction, the District Court has the authority to hear appeals from the Small Causes Court and other lower courts in Uttar Pradesh. The District Court also has the authority to hear appeals from the High Court in cases where the value of the claim or dispute is more than INR 1 lakh.
In addition to the District Court, the High Court of Allahabad also has pecuniary jurisdiction in Uttar Pradesh. The High Court has the authority to hear cases involving monetary claims or disputes that are valued at more than INR 2 lakhs. The High Court also has the authority to hear appeals from the District Court and other lower courts in Uttar Pradesh.
In summary, the pecuniary jurisdiction of civil courts in Uttar Pradesh is determined by the value of the claim or dispute at hand. The District Court has the primary jurisdiction for cases involving monetary claims or disputes, while the High Court has jurisdiction for cases involving higher values. The Small Causes Court also has jurisdiction for cases involving lower values, but these cases can be appealed to the District Court.
The poem "Barbie Doll" by Marge Piercy tells the story of a young girl who is subjected to societal pressure to conform to certain beauty standards. The poem uses the metaphor of the Barbie doll to represent these standards, which are narrow and unrealistic. The girl in the poem is initially happy and carefree, but as she grows older, she begins to feel the weight of these expectations. She is told that she must be thin, pretty, and perfect in order to be acceptable, and she internalizes these messages.
As the poem progresses, we see the girl attempting to conform to these standards through various means. She dieted, exercised, and put on makeup, all in an attempt to become the perfect Barbie doll. Despite her efforts, however, she was never able to achieve this ideal. The poem ends with the girl's suicide, suggesting that the pressure to conform to these standards became too great for her to bear.
The theme of the poem is the damaging effects of societal expectations on the individual. The Barbie doll represents the unrealistic and unhealthy standards of beauty that are imposed on young girls, and the girl in the poem represents the real-life consequences of trying to live up to these standards. The poem suggests that these standards are not only unattainable, but also harmful, as they can lead to feelings of inadequacy and even despair.
Overall, "Barbie Doll" is a poignant and powerful critique of the societal pressure to conform to certain beauty standards. It serves as a reminder of the importance of individuality and self-acceptance, and encourages readers to resist the temptation to conform to societal expectations.
