Candy chromatography is a scientific technique that is used to separate the different pigments that are present in candy. These pigments are what give candy its colorful appearance, and by using chromatography, we can learn more about how these colors are made and how they interact with one another.
There are many different types of chromatography, but the most common type used in candy chromatography is thin layer chromatography (TLC). In this method, a small sample of the candy is dissolved in a solvent, which is then applied to a thin layer of material called a chromatography plate. The plate is then placed in a developing chamber containing a solvent, which will move up the plate and carry the pigments with it.
As the solvent moves up the plate, it will separate the different pigments based on their solubility and affinity for the solvent. This is because each pigment will have a different rate of movement through the solvent, depending on its chemical properties. The pigments will eventually reach the top of the plate and form a series of colorful bands, which can be used to identify the different pigments present in the candy.
So, what makes those colors in candy? The colors of candy are produced by a variety of pigments, which are typically derived from natural sources such as fruits, vegetables, and plants. These pigments can be extracted and purified, and then mixed together to create a wide range of colors. Some of the most common pigments used in candy include:
Carotenoids: These pigments are responsible for the orange, yellow, and red colors that are often found in candy. They are typically derived from plants such as carrots, peppers, and tomatoes.
Chlorophyll: This pigment is responsible for the green colors that are found in candy. It is typically derived from plants, and is also what gives plants their green color.
Anthocyanins: These pigments are responsible for the blue, purple, and red colors that are found in candy. They are typically derived from plants such as berries and grapes.
Curcumin: This pigment is responsible for the yellow colors that are found in candy. It is typically derived from the spice turmeric.
By using chromatography, we can learn more about the different pigments that are present in candy, and how they contribute to the overall color of the candy. This knowledge can be used to help develop new and more vibrant colors for candy, and to improve the stability and consistency of the colors that are used in candy manufacturing.