Nervous tissue is a type of tissue found in the central and peripheral nervous systems of animals. It is responsible for transmitting, processing, and integrating sensory information, as well as controlling and coordinating the body's responses to stimuli. Nervous tissue is made up of two main types of cells: neurons and glial cells.
Neurons are the primary cells of the nervous system. They are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses, or electrical signals, throughout the body. Neurons have three main parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axons. The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles, and is responsible for the synthesis and maintenance of the neuron. Dendrites are short, branching processes that extend from the cell body and receive signals from other neurons. Axons are long, slender processes that extend from the cell body and transmit signals to other cells, either through chemical synapses or electrical synapses.
Glial cells, also known as neuroglia or glia, are non-neuronal cells that provide support and protection for neurons. There are several types of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. Astrocytes are star-shaped cells that provide structural support for neurons and help to regulate the chemical environment of the brain. Oligodendrocytes are responsible for insulating axons with myelin, a fatty substance that helps to speed up the conduction of nerve impulses. Microglia are small cells that act as the immune system of the brain, protecting it from infection and injury.
In addition to neurons and glial cells, nervous tissue also contains various types of extracellular matrix, or non-cellular components. These include axons, dendrites, and myelin, as well as various neurotransmitters and other signaling molecules. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that are released by neurons and bind to receptors on the surface of other cells, transmitting signals across the synapse.
Overall, the components of nervous tissue play critical roles in the functioning of the nervous system. Neurons transmit electrical signals throughout the body, while glial cells provide support and protection for neurons. The extracellular matrix contains various signaling molecules that help to coordinate and regulate the activity of the nervous system. Together, these components work together to enable the body to sense, think, and respond to its environment.
What are the components of nervous tissue?
Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Those processes extend to interact with neurons, blood vessels, or the connective tissue covering the CNS that is called the pia mater Figure 4. Neurons The nervous system of the common laboratory fly, Drosophila melanogaster, contains around 100,000 neurons, the same number as a lobster. Generally, they are supporting cells for the neurons in the central nervous system. Some sources describe a fourth type of neuron, called an anaxonic neuron. This chapter provides general information on the various types of cells that compose nervous tissues and serves as an introduction to cellular neuroscience. The nervous system regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.
Components of the Nervous Tissue
It often occurs in pregnancy and acromegaly. Each type of glial cell astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, as well as microglia is introduced in separate sections that review their particular function, structure, and interactions with neurons. Each nerve plexus gives out several peripheral nerves, which carry sensory and motor fibers to and from their respective target structures. This actually causes problems with drug delivery to the CNS. It consists of all the fibers within cranial and spinal nerves that enable us to perform voluntary body movements efferent nerves and feel sensation from the skin, Sensation from the glands, smooth and cardiac muscles is conveyed by the autonomic nerves.
Nervous Tissue
For Schwann cells, the outermost layer of the cell membrane contains cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cell as a bulge on one side of the myelin sheath. Neurons are the primary type of cell that most anyone associates with the nervous system.  The ANS has three major branches: sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric. Myelinating glia wrap several layers of cell membrane around the cell membrane of an axon segment. Thus, cells that are labeled both red and green are actively dividing astrocytes, whereas cells labeled red only are actively dividing neurons. Sympathetic division Synonyms: Sympathetic chain, Sympathetic ganglia , The preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nerves leave the spinal cord through the T1 to L2 anterior roots, entering the corresponding spinal nerve. Dendrites are tree-like structures that extend away from the cell body to receive messages from other neurons at specialized junctions called synapses.
Components of a Neuron
Four of them are found in the CNS and two are found in the PNS. Astrocytes, in particular, have been shown through calcium imaging experiments to become active in response to nerve activity, transmit calcium waves between astrocytes, and modulate the activity of surrounding synapses. The postganglionic fibers then project onto their target structures either directly, or by returning through the grey ramus communicantes and following the path of spinal nerves throughout the body. Dendrites from a single neuron may receive synaptic contact from many other neurons. They provide nutrients and other substances to neurons, regulate the concentrations of ions and chemicals in the extracellular fluid, and provide structural support for synapses. They are responsible for the computation and communication that the nervous system provides.
