Homologous structures are physical structures that are similar in different organisms due to shared ancestry. These structures are often used to infer evolutionary relationships between different species and provide evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection. There are several different types of homologous structures that can be used to compare and contrast different organisms, including bones, muscles, organs, and even behavioral characteristics.
One example of a pair of homologous structures is the forelimbs of mammals. Most mammals, including humans, have forelimbs that are adapted for grasping and manipulating objects. These forelimbs consist of bones such as the humerus, radius, and ulna, as well as muscles and tendons that allow for movement and control. While the specific bones and muscles may differ slightly between different species of mammals, the overall structure and function of the forelimbs are very similar. For example, a human arm and a chimpanzee arm have many similarities in terms of their bone structure and muscle attachments, even though they have evolved separately.
Another example of homologous structures is the wings of birds and bats. Both birds and bats have wings that allow them to fly, but the wings have evolved independently in these two groups of animals. Despite this, the wings of birds and bats share many similarities in terms of their overall structure and function. Both have bones that support the wings, muscles that control movement, and feathers or skin that provide lift and stability. While there are some differences between bird wings and bat wings, the basic structure and function of the wings are very similar, indicating a shared evolutionary history.
In summary, homologous structures are physical characteristics that are similar in different organisms due to shared ancestry. Examples of homologous structures include the forelimbs of mammals and the wings of birds and bats. These structures provide important evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection and help scientists understand the relationships between different species.
UNC Bio 101 Unit 3 Exam Flashcards
E lost through directional selection and restored by balancing selection. Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable. Answers: Condition 1 only Condition 2 only Conditions 1 and 2 Conditions 2 and 3 Conditions 1, 2, and 3 Which of the following represents a pair of homologous structures? The correct answer is c. Their position in the body and the relations with adjacent structures are also the same in different organisms, and they even share the same embryological development. Most of the full-grown bull elk have antlers of nearly the same size, although a few have antlers that are significantly larger or smaller than this average size. A process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution c.
Quiz 2 Flashcards
Which statement would Darwin have disagreed with? Both structures are the anterior extremities of the animals and share the same bones, even though they might differ in the development degree. Complete question: Which of the following pairs represent homologous structures? Heterozygotes produce an intermediate amount of toxin. The two orcas hunt different prey species and have different diets, vocal behavior, and social structures. A fall in the owl population should cause a fall in the rabbit population. They can look different superficially but they are related developmentally. Whether it is a carnivore or herbivore c. The dominant allele T codes for an enzyme that makes the toxin, and the recessive allele t codes for a nonfunctional enzyme that cannot produce the toxin.
Biology Chapter 13 &14 exam Flashcards
Why is this so? Examples of homologous structures are: i forelimbs of man, horse, whale and bat. Scientists document, for example, that the acid tolerance of several plant species has increased significantly in the polluted area. A process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to reproduce than individuals with other traits. A hurricane on the island kills most of the birds from this population. Which of the following statements is true? No rabbit shows intermediate coloration medium darkness. Answers: the wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale the wing of a bat and the scales of a fish the feathers of a bird and the wing membrane of a bat the antennae of an insect and the eyes of a bird the wing of a bat and the wing of a butterfly The gene pool for a particular gene would include: Answers: all the alleles for a given trait in a particular individual organism of the population. The major weakness of Charles Darwin's theory during his lifetime was the: Answers: fact that, at certain points in embryonic development, diverse species all have structures known as pharyngeal gill slits.
Quiz #2 Flashcards
The evolution of a population of organisms b. The color pattern is not related to sex. The genotypes of all individuals in the population are determined and used to determine the actual allele frequencies in the population. So it does not mean that homologous structures of two different animals perform the same function. Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. For example, whales, humans, and cats all have the same bones in the same order, but they matured differently in later embryological development.
15 Which of the following represents a pair of homologous structures 15 A the
These organs follow the same basic plan of organization during their development. However, certain genetic diseases are usually common in this group, and their gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. C This situation illustrates the effect of a mutation event. Only 10 remain, and those birds all have yellow feathers. A proficient engineer can easily design skeletal structures that are more functional than those currently found in the forelimbs of such diverse mammals as horses, whales, and bats. Answers: The pharyngeal slits is an acquired characteristic that just happens to look similar in different species. Natural selection depends on the local environment at the current time 3.
