Significance of comparative politics. What is comparative politics? 2022-10-05
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Comparative politics, a subfield of political science, is the study of politics within and across countries. It involves comparing and contrasting political systems, institutions, and processes in different countries to understand how they function and how they influence each other. The significance of comparative politics lies in its ability to provide a deeper understanding of the political world and to identify patterns and trends that can inform policy decisions.
One of the main goals of comparative politics is to identify and understand the various factors that shape political systems and outcomes. These factors can include a country's history, culture, economic system, and international relationships. By studying these factors and how they interact, comparative politics helps us to understand the unique political systems and processes of different countries.
Another key benefit of comparative politics is its ability to identify patterns and trends that can inform policy decisions. For example, by studying the political systems and policies of different countries, we can learn what works and what doesn't in terms of promoting economic growth, reducing inequality, or improving governance. This knowledge can help policymakers in one country to adopt policies and strategies that have proven successful in other countries.
In addition to its practical applications, comparative politics also has theoretical significance. By studying the political systems of different countries, we can better understand the underlying principles of politics and how these principles are applied in different contexts. This knowledge can help to inform our understanding of how political systems evolve and change over time, and how different political systems respond to different challenges.
Overall, the significance of comparative politics lies in its ability to provide a deeper understanding of the political world and to inform policy decisions. By studying the political systems and processes of different countries, we can identify patterns and trends that can help us to understand how politics works and to make better policy decisions.
Classes are formed on the basis of economic interests. He described political systems as a special system of interaction that exists in all societies performing certain functions. Simultaneously, regarding historical macro-analyses, historical institutionalism has steered clear of the pitfalls of teleology that have frequently imprisoned historical research. When using MDSD as a comparative research method, political scientists observe changing interactions between systems in countries and when all data is collected, the results are compared between the different systems. Since the basic means of conflict-resolution is the authoritative allocation of values, it involves an investigation of the process by which the authoritative values are made and implemented in all societies.
Politics is a game between individual actors or between collective actors understood as unitary subjects. This disagreement should not obscure the area of agreement reached by the members of the seminar. Arend Lijphart: He was is a political scientist focussing in comparative politics, elections and voting systems, democratic institutions, and ethnicity and politics. Executive System The Executive is often known as the government. This approach also tries to establish standards of good, right and just.
The Importance of Studying Comparative Politics Essay
It focuses on groups, for instance, The cultural approach can account for the role of shared ideas and cultures within the UK and US and how their government and politics can be affected. It is well established that Philosophical approach helps people to understand the contemporary history and the nature of politics suggested by philosophers. But the legitimacy myth only defines the conditions of obedience. By looking at different countries to understand what they have in common, and how they differ, comparative politics contributes to the study of international relations and conflict resolution to such an extent that some thinkers suggest that the two fields should merge. It is a way of organizing the conceptual relations between the factors that are thought to structure the problem under investigation. For them, time is a crucial intervening variable in explanations of specific outcomes.
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Politics is activated by actors heads of governments, ministers, members of parliament, party leaders and activists, members of movements and associations, and citizens who continually learn from their experience, thus modifying their behavior, even in the absence of variation in the independent variables. These democracies are competitive, notwithstanding their nonmajoritarian electoral systems. It was debated by the post-behaviouralists that Political Science must consider basic issues of society such as justice, liberty, equality, democracy to make research relevant to the society. Institutionalism not only constitutes the main branch of the theories of comparative politics but also stands at the origin of political science as a whole. In democratizing countries, strong political parties have been considered a necessary pillar for supporting democratic consolidation M.
Comparative Politics: limitations of the comparative method
Since the Treaty of Maastricht 1992 , a new generation of studies has started to investigate the EU as a political system. Marxian approach: Marxian approach to politics is not limited to the writings of Marx, Engels and Lenin but all those of a congregation of later writers such as Luxemburg, Trotsky, Gramsci and many others. First, it has been pointed out that an analysis that assumes institutions to be ahistorical entities ends up being overly abstract. It can be stated with certainty that right from the days of Aristotle, comparative study of political institutions, governments and processes has been developing as a major and popular area of investigation with a large number of political scientists. They are countries in their own right with their structures and features. Sometimes, the psychologists focus upon the group behaviour. Comparative study of Political Systems forms an integral part of the study of Politics.
Comparative Politics: Meaning, Scope and Its Evolution
Fourth, it has been shown how an intentionalist conception of human agency lurks behind the theory of rational choice because it assumes that the process of creating an institution is intentional—that is, controlled by actors who correctly perceive the effects of the institutions created by them. What has really enriched the field of Comparative politics and made it a complex subject is the focus on the inter disciplinary approach. New York: Free Press. Whereas modern political scientists follow empirical, analytical studies with a process orientated or behavioural focus and they adopt scientific methodology. While in the West scholars have been investigating the consequences on governance of the decline and transformation of political parties, in the non-Western world, the research issue has been the opposite: What role can newly founded parties play in promoting democracy? The following broad categories and subdivisions were specified: 1 The setting of politics: an enumeration of the most significant contextual factors of all political systems, i.
Not only has the room for maneuver of the national or central authorities been reduced, but the cognitive context itself, within which their actions unfold, has changed. According to Vivien Schmidt, it consists in the process through which the political and economic dynamics of the EU have become part of the institutional and cultural logic of domestic politics. Among the representatives of this approach, James G. A given political culture is a component of the process that produces it, thus making the relation between the independent and the dependent variables in this process much more interactive. The comparative approach has emerged as a very useful and highly popular approach for the study of Politics. Comparison, it was agreed, must proceed from a definition of politics as a universally discoverable social activity.
It is the study of state and other political institutions in terms of their legal powers, functions, and positions on a comparative basis. If every historical development is unique and if it is not possible to employ counterfactual hypotheses, then the possibility that the theory will fall into some kind of determinism is high. To recompense this deficiency, the political scientists of the post-Second World War period have developed a general system approach which is quite comprehensive. Conventionally, the comparative study of politics stands entitled as 'comparative government'. At the very early stages of politics as an academic discipline, the great thinkers of the time were not concerned with empirical evidence; instead basing their ideas on literary analysis.
One of the conditions for participating in these organizations and for enjoying their economic benefits is that democratic principles should be respected. It means that the researcher should not have any pre-conceived idea or a prejudiced view. Concept misformation in comparative politics. This in return can create negative relationship with citizens from other cultures as well as their governments. Although Africa has made a big step toward democratization, democracy is far from having been consolidated.
