A formalist analysis of a poem is a way of examining the form, structure, and language of a poem to understand how they contribute to its overall meaning and effect on the reader. This type of analysis is often used to examine the technical aspects of a poem, such as its rhyme scheme, meter, and line breaks, as well as the use of figurative language, imagery, and sound devices.
One example of a poem that could be subject to a formalist analysis is "The Road Not Taken" by Robert Frost. This well-known poem is a reflective narrative about the choices we make in life and the consequences that follow.
The form of "The Road Not Taken" is a rhymed quatrain, with an ABAB rhyme scheme. This structure adds a sense of balance and stability to the poem, reflecting the theme of decision-making and the importance of considering all options.
The meter of the poem is predominantly iambic, with each line containing five iambic feet. This creates a rhythmic, lilting quality to the poem that reflects the contemplative nature of the speaker.
The language of the poem is simple and straightforward, using common words and phrases that are familiar to the reader. However, Frost also employs figurative language, such as the metaphor of the two roads as "ways" and the personification of the road as "somewhat worn." These devices add depth and complexity to the poem, helping the reader to better understand the speaker's thoughts and feelings.
In terms of sound devices, Frost uses repetition, alliteration, and assonance to create a musical quality to the poem. For example, the repetition of the phrase "I took the one less traveled by" emphasizes the speaker's choice to go against the norm, while the alliteration of "s" and "t" sounds in the line "And that has made all the difference" adds emphasis to the final words of the poem.
Overall, a formalist analysis of "The Road Not Taken" reveals how Frost's use of form, structure, and language contribute to the theme and meaning of the poem. By examining the technical aspects of the poem, we are able to gain a deeper understanding of its message and the feelings and thoughts of the speaker.