Group 1 in the periodic table, also known as the alkali metals, is a group of elements characterized by their reactivity and the presence of just one valence electron in their outermost shell. These elements include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr).
One of the most notable properties of the alkali metals is their reactivity. They are highly reactive with water and other polar solvents, and can ignite or explode when they come into contact with these substances. This reactivity is due to the presence of just one valence electron in their outermost shell, which makes them highly reactive and prone to forming chemical bonds.
The alkali metals are also known for their low densities, which is a result of the large size of their atoms. They have low melting and boiling points, and are typically found in their solid form at room temperature.
In terms of their uses, the alkali metals are widely used in various industrial and commercial applications. Lithium is used in the production of batteries and other electronic components, while sodium is used in the production of glass, soap, and other household products. Potassium is used in the production of fertilizers, while rubidium and cesium are used in various scientific and industrial applications.
Despite their many uses, the alkali metals can also be dangerous due to their high reactivity. They must be handled with caution and stored in appropriate containers to prevent accidents.
Overall, the alkali metals are an important group of elements in the periodic table that are characterized by their reactivity, low densities, and a variety of industrial and commercial uses.