Boy Scouts of America v Dale, also known as the "Scouts case," was a landmark decision issued by the Supreme Court of the United States on June 28, 2000. The case concerned the constitutionality of a New Jersey law that prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in public accommodations. At the center of the case was James Dale, an assistant Scoutmaster who was expelled from the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) in 1990 after the organization learned that he was gay.
Dale sued the BSA, alleging that the organization had violated the New Jersey law by discriminating against him on the basis of his sexual orientation. The BSA argued that it had a First Amendment right to freedom of association, which included the right to exclude individuals from membership on the basis of sexual orientation. The Supreme Court ultimately agreed with the BSA, ruling in a 5-4 decision that the organization had the right to exclude Dale from membership.
The Scouts case was significant for a number of reasons. First, it marked the first time that the Supreme Court had addressed the issue of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the context of public accommodations. Second, the case raised important questions about the balance between the right to freedom of association and the right to be free from discrimination. Finally, the decision had significant implications for other organizations, such as fraternities, sororities, and private clubs, which also rely on the right to freedom of association to exclude certain individuals from membership.
In the majority opinion, Chief Justice William Rehnquist wrote that the BSA was a "expressive association" and that the organization's right to freedom of association included the right to exclude individuals who did not adhere to its values. He argued that forcing the BSA to accept Dale as a member would significantly burden the organization's ability to express its views and values, and would therefore violate the First Amendment.
The dissenting opinion, written by Justice John Paul Stevens, argued that the BSA was a "place of public accommodation" and that the organization was therefore subject to anti-discrimination laws. He argued that the majority's decision gave the BSA and other organizations a "license to discriminate" on the basis of sexual orientation.
The Scouts case had a lasting impact on the legal landscape of discrimination and freedom of association in the United States. It remains a controversial decision, with some arguing that it provides too much leeway for organizations to discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation, and others arguing that it protects the rights of organizations to express their views and values without interference from the government.
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
Patterson, The evidence before this Court makes it exceptionally clear that BSA has, at most, simply adopted an exclusionary membership policy and has no shared goal of disapproving of homosexuality. We wouldn't have much confidence in a patrol cook who didn't have his pots shiny both inside and out. See Carole Jenny et al. We do not believe that homosexuality and leadership in Scouting are appropriate. As to the applicability of the LAD, the court held that Boy Scouts was not a place of public accommodation, or alternatively, that Boy Scouts was exempt under the "distinctly private" exception found at N. A Scout is polite to everyone regardless of age or position. Patrick's Day parade under a banner conveying a message of Irish and lesbian and gay pride.
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale :: 530 U.S. 640 (2000) :: Justia US Supreme Court Center
Government actions that unconstitutionally burden that right may take many forms, one of which is intrusion into a group's internal affairs by forcing it to accept a member it does not desire. The Supreme Court also determined that the parade itself is a "form of expression, not just motion. Indeed, from all accounts Dale was a model Boy Scout and Assistant Scoutmaster up until the day his membership was revoked, and there is no reason to believe that he would suddenly disobey the directives of BSA because of anything he said in the newspaper article. That requirement demands a showing of a clear, particular, and consistent message. This position statement was redrafted numerous times but its core message remained consistent. A Scout is CHEERFUL. A State's antidiscrimination law does not impose a "serious burden" or a "substantial restraint" upon the group's "shared goals" if the group itself is unable to identify its own stance with any clarity.
DALE v. BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA
We then found that GLIB's marching in the parade would be an expressive act suggesting the view "that people of their sexual orientations have as much claim to unqualified social acceptance as heterosexuals. This conclusion, remarkably, rests entirely on statements in BSA's briefs. For example, the purpose of the St. See Kiwanis, supra, 806 F. A prime example of self-identifying speech is the language of "coming out," that is, publicly acknowledging one's self as lesbian or gay.
BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA v. DALE
City of New York, Roberts, 468 U. First, associations do not have to associate for the "purpose" of disseminating a certain message in order to be entitled to the protections of the First Amendment. Moloney, a member of the New York bar, New York City, on the briefs. Self-identifying speech that serves only to reveal the status of the speaker is always vulnerable to misinterpretation and misunderstanding based on stereotypes that are associated with the speaker's status. Swanson and Paula A. .
U.S. Supreme Court Ruling that Boy Scouts Can Discriminate is 'Damaging but Limited,' ACLU Says
Boy Scouts' directive that its members should follow those entities on matters of individual morality, including sexual mores, indicates that tolerance concerning homosexuality is implicit in Boy Scouts' own message on morality. Sodomy laws, as applied against homosexuals, reflect the same stereotypical thinking that we now recognize as invidious, including untenable assumptions about the morality of homosexuals, that have long been superseded and overcome. Gay Lib, 434 U. That harm can only be aggravated by the creation of a constitutional shield for a policy that is itself the product of a habitual way of thinking about strangers. For example, the purpose of the St. See ante at 589, 734 A.