State reorganization in india. Reorganization of States 2022-10-11
State reorganization in india
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State reorganization in India refers to the process of restructuring and redrawing the boundaries of India's states and territories in order to better reflect linguistic, cultural, and social diversity. This process has been ongoing since the early 1950s, when India gained independence from British rule, and has involved both the creation of new states and the merger of existing ones.
One of the main drivers of state reorganization in India has been the demand for linguistic states. Following independence, many linguistic groups within India felt that their cultural and linguistic identity was not being adequately represented within the existing state structure. In response to these demands, the government of India established a States Reorganization Commission in 1953 to review the existing state boundaries and make recommendations for their reorganization.
As a result of the commission's recommendations, several new states were created along linguistic lines, including the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala in 1956. In addition, the state of Maharashtra was created by merging the Marathi-speaking regions of Bombay State and the Marathi-speaking areas of Hyderabad State.
However, the process of state reorganization in India was not always smooth, and it often sparked controversy and tensions between different linguistic and cultural groups. For example, the creation of the state of Telangana in 2014, which was carved out of the existing state of Andhra Pradesh, was met with widespread protests and violence.
Despite these challenges, the process of state reorganization in India has had a number of positive effects. By creating states that better reflect the linguistic and cultural diversity of the country, it has helped to promote a sense of identity and belonging among India's various linguistic and cultural groups. It has also allowed for more effective and responsive governance, as state governments are better able to address the specific needs and concerns of their constituents.
Overall, state reorganization in India has been a complex and ongoing process, but it has played a crucial role in shaping the country's political and cultural landscape. By allowing for the creation of states that better reflect the linguistic, cultural, and social diversity of India, it has helped to promote a sense of identity and belonging among the country's many diverse communities.
Explainer: The reorganization of states in India and why it happened
Spectrum Books P Limited. The Sikkim Congress won the most votes in the 1974 assembly elections and supported closer ties to India. Some of the theoretical demands for new states that have been haunting the minds of some ambitious intellectuals and rejected politicians may now take a practical shape for agitation. The nation's internal boundaries have been changed drasticall y in response to this pressure. No heed was paid to linguistic or cultural cohesion so that most of the provinces were multi-lingual and multi-cultural.
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Reorganization of States
Territories from France and Portuguese: After the acquisition of Chandernagore, Mahe, Yaman and Karekal from France, and the territories of Goa, Daman and Diu from the Portuguese, these were either merged with the neighbouring states or given the status of union territories. But the chief cause of riots between 195 1 and the present has stem med directly from the complex of regional and local languages. Archived from PDF on 4 March 2014. A simple majority and ordinary legislative procedure is enough for Parliament to form new States or alter existing State boundaries. India's languages may be divided into four primar y fami- lies. In 1972 Manipur and Tripura were elevated to Statehood. The Indo Aryan languages derived from Sanscrit, and the Dravidian languages derived from Pali dominate.
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Linguistic Reorganization of Indian States after Independence
Apportionment of states' assets and liabilities was made on the basis of the areas transferred, and assets and liabilities of the union were apportioned on the same basis. People of this backward region are victims of acute poverty and deprivation. There was a lack of agriculture, industry and infrastructure and there was, consequently, unemployment in most of the region. Religious cqnf1ict was associated with disturbances in the Punjab where Sikh demands for a religious state have led to bloodshed more than once. Portuguese misgovernance repressed the people of Goa and deprived them of fundamental civil rights.
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What Is Reorganisation Of States In India?
The two states were also to have a common High Court, common university and joint arrangement for the management of the major components of the existing irrigation and power system. Retrieved 14 January 2015. An atlas and survey of South Asian history. However, limited means of movement did not completely prevent shifting and Spencer states that, "Despite primitive transport facilities India became surprisingly mobile. For geographical and administrative reasons, Baroda and Kolhapur were annexed to the then Bomaby Province; Gujarat states were also merged with the Bombay Province.
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States Reorganisation Act, 1956
It was found that there are 744 languages and dialects in the country but 97% of population is well acquainted to 14 languages only. The reason for this was the previous tendency to criticize the foreign British administration as discriminating against India as a whole. As there were several more demands for states on a linguistic basis, a commission was set up under Justice F. Rau, the constitutional adviser, prepared an initial draft on the basis of the reports of the reports of these committees and his own research into the constitutions of other countries; third, the drafting committee, chaired by Dr Ambedkar presented a detailed draft constitution which was published for public discussion and comments; fourth, the draft constitution was discussed and amendments. Retrieved 17 February 2016. The commission had used the 1951 census as the reference line for linguistic distribution in India. New States added since 1950.
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Reorganisation of States in India on JSTOR
Between the periods of 17th to 21st January 1948, Menon acquired the agreement for score for minor states in Kathiawar, to form the union of Kathiawar, that began to govern on 15th February. Those were followed by the Mediterranean Dravidian-speaking peoples whose descendants now forh1 a rather solid l? There were significant movements for reorganisation on cultural criteria, as with the tribal areas of central India. For example all Tamil speaking people should fall into one State with areal continuity. Patel and his chief aide, VP Menon appealed to the sense of patriotism of the Indian princes and persuaded them to join the Indian union. The union territories are: Delhi, Chandigarh, Puducherry, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar haveli.
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States Reorganization Act
A highly volatile situation had occurred in many parts of the country and the decision to form linguistic states helped modify the situation to a great extent. This merger continues for next five months. Jharkhand The aspirations for autonomy persisted in Jharkhand, the tribal region of Bihar that included Chhota Nagpur and the Santhal Pargana. Two new Union Territories s of Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram were formed. Following the There have been several movements to invalidate the merger of Telangana and Andhra, major ones occurring in 1969, 1972 and 2000s onwards. UNION TERRITORIES—Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Laccadive, Manipur and Tripura. Now you know why Karnataka Rajyotsava is celebrated on November 1.
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Reorganisation of States
These rights, which are incorporated in Articles 12 to 35 of the Constitution, primarily protect individuals and minority groups from arbitrary state action. On December 19, 1952, then-Prime Minister Nehru finally made the announcement regarding the creation of a distinct Andhra State. Founded by the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. Chandigarh, the newly built city and capital of united Punjab, was made a Union Territory and was to serve as the joint capital of Punjab and Haryana. In the 1990s, ground realities had changed enough to bring the main political formations closer to movements demanding statehood in the Hindi heartland.
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REORGANIZATION OF STATES IN INDIA
Retrieved 21 April 2020. Meanwhile much greater long-term benefits to the economy should accrue from rationalization of states' boundaries and elimination of small, previously subsidized units. BAcKGROUND oF INDIA's LINGUISTIC CoMPLEXITY A brief examination of present linguistic patterns and their evolution is. Since 26 January 1930, it was the day on which thousands of people, in villages, in mohallas, in towns, in small and big groups would take the independence pledge, committing themselves to the complete independence of India from British rule. This process inevitably led to the formation of units with no natural affinity. On the one hand, India is being successful in establishing vibrant democracy while Pakistan is still struggling to build itself as a State.
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The State Reorganisation and Emergence of New States in India
The Gujaratis felt that they would be a minority in the new state. This, felt the people, could be remedied only through the conferment of separate statehood. Violence and arson now spread to Ahmedabad and other parts of Gujarat. THE MAKING OF THE CONSTITUTION The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950. Thus the states of Himachal Pradesh, Vindhya Pradesh present day Madhya Pradesh , Tripura, Manipur, Bhopal, Kutch and Bilaspur were formed. It was claimed that the fruits of globalisation and industrialisation was not being enjoyed by people farther away from Chennai and its close neighbourhood where major industries were set up. The outcome will depend upon the point of balance achieved.
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