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Von Thunen rings, also known as Von Thunen's isolated state model, is a theory developed in the early 19th century by German economist Johann Heinrich von Thunen. The model is a geographic model that explains the spatial patterns of land use and agricultural production in relation to the distance from a central market. It is based on the assumption that farmers will choose the most profitable use of land based on the cost of transportation and the price of the commodity being produced.

The model is based on a series of concentric rings around a central market, with each ring representing a different type of land use. The innermost ring is reserved for the most profitable and perishable crops, such as vegetables, which can be transported to the market quickly and at a low cost. As the distance from the market increases, the crops become less perishable and less profitable, and the land is used for less intensive agriculture, such as livestock or grains.

One of the key insights of the Von Thunen model is that the cost of transportation has a significant impact on land use patterns. In the model, the cost of transportation is determined by the distance from the market and the type of transportation available. For example, if the market is accessible by water, then the cost of transportation will be lower than if the market can only be accessed by land.

The Von Thunen model has been widely used to understand and predict land use patterns in various regions around the world. It has been applied to the analysis of urban and rural land use, as well as to the study of land use patterns in developing countries. While the model is not without its limitations, it remains a valuable tool for understanding the complex factors that shape land use patterns.

Overall, the Von Thunen rings model is a valuable tool for understanding the economic and geographic factors that shape land use patterns. It helps to explain why certain types of agriculture are found in certain locations, and how the cost of transportation can impact the profitability of different crops. It is a useful model for policymakers and planners looking to understand and predict land use patterns in different regions.