Turabian format is a specific citation style that is used primarily in the social sciences and humanities. It is based on the Chicago Manual of Style, and was created by Kate Turabian, a former dissertation secretary at the University of Chicago, to provide guidelines for students and researchers who were writing papers, theses, and dissertations.
Turabian format has two main citation styles: notes-bibliography and author-date. The notes-bibliography style is used in the humanities and involves using footnotes or endnotes to provide citations for sources, along with a bibliography at the end of the paper. The author-date style is used in the social sciences and involves using in-text citations and a reference list at the end of the paper.
Here is an example of a Turabian format paper using the notes-bibliography style:
Title of Paper
Author's Name
Course Name and Number
Professor's Name
Date
Introduction
The first paragraph of the paper should introduce the topic and provide some context for the reader.
Body
The body of the paper should consist of several paragraphs that develop the main ideas of the paper. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence and should be supported by evidence from sources.
Citation Style
Turabian format uses footnotes or endnotes to provide citations for sources. Footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page, while endnotes are placed at the end of the paper.
To cite a source in a footnote or endnote, include the author's last name, the title of the work, and the page number (if applicable). For example:
- John Smith, The History of Modern Europe (New York: Random House, 2000), 123.
To cite a source in the bibliography, include the author's last name, first name, title of the work, place of publication, publisher, and publication date. For example:
Smith, John. The History of Modern Europe. New York: Random House, 2000.
Conclusion
The conclusion of the paper should summarize the main points of the paper and provide some final thoughts on the topic.
Bibliography
The bibliography should include a list of all the sources cited in the paper, listed in alphabetical order by the author's last name.
Conclusion
Turabian format is a useful citation style for students and researchers writing papers, theses, and dissertations in the humanities and social sciences. It provides clear guidelines for citing sources and organizing a paper, and helps to ensure that the final product is professional and well-documented.