In Lorraine Hansberry's play "A Raisin in the Sun," the characters' dreams serve as a central theme and driving force for their actions. Each character has their own unique dream, and these dreams shape their relationships and conflicts with each other throughout the play.
The character of Walter Lee Younger embodies the struggle to achieve the American Dream of financial success and upward mobility. As the breadwinner of his family, Walter feels pressure to provide for them and give them the life he believes they deserve. However, his lack of opportunities and financial limitations stand in the way of his dream. He becomes obsessed with the idea of using the insurance money from his father's death to invest in a liquor store, convinced that this will be his ticket to success. Walter's dream consumes him and causes him to make selfish and reckless decisions, including borrowing money from a questionable source.
On the other hand, Walter's mother, Lena Younger, has a different dream centered on security and stability. She wants to use the insurance money to buy a house in a better neighborhood for her family, hoping to provide them with a safe and comfortable place to live. Lena's dream is motivated by her desire to protect her family and ensure their well-being. She is hesitant to take risks and would rather play it safe, even if it means sacrificing her own desires.
Lena's daughter, Beneatha Younger, also has a dream of her own. As a young woman with aspirations of becoming a doctor, Beneatha wants to forge her own path and break free from traditional gender roles. She is determined to get an education and make a name for herself, despite the challenges and prejudices she faces as a black woman. Beneatha's dream of self-determination and self-fulfillment is at odds with Walter's traditional views on gender and family roles, causing tension between the two.
Finally, Ruth Younger, Walter's wife, has a dream of love and happiness. She is tired of the struggles and hardships of her life and wants a change. Ruth's dream is closely tied to her relationship with Walter and the future of their family. She wants to support and stand by her husband, but also wants to make sure that their family is happy and healthy.
In "A Raisin in the Sun," the characters' dreams serve as a representation of their hopes and desires for their lives. Each dream is unique and reflects the individual character's values and aspirations. However, these dreams also bring conflict and tension as the characters struggle to balance their own desires with the needs and expectations of those around them.