Alfred Hitchcock is widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers in the history of cinema. He is known for his suspenseful and thrilling films, as well as his innovative use of camera techniques and storytelling elements. Many of these techniques have become known as "Hitchcockian," and have been widely imitated and influential in the film industry.
One of the most iconic Hitchcock techniques is the use of the "MacGuffin." This term refers to an object or plot element that drives the story forward, but is ultimately insignificant in and of itself. For example, in the film "North by Northwest," the MacGuffin is a mysterious government document that is the subject of a chase across the country. The document itself is never revealed or explained, but it serves as the driving force behind the story.
Hitchcock was also known for his use of suspenseful music, often employing the music of composer Bernard Herrmann. The music in Hitchcock's films was often used to build tension and create a sense of unease in the audience. In the film "Psycho," the use of music is particularly effective in creating a sense of terror and suspense as the main character, Marion Crane, is chased by the film's villain, Norman Bates.
Another technique that Hitchcock was famous for was the use of point-of-view shots, where the camera takes on the perspective of a character in the film. This allows the audience to see what the character sees, and creates a sense of immersion in the story. For example, in the film "Rear Window," the point-of-view shots allow the audience to experience the story through the eyes of the main character, L.B. Jefferies, as he spies on his neighbors from his apartment window.
Hitchcock was also known for his use of the "Hitchcockian blonde," a beautiful and mysterious woman who often played a central role in his films. These women were often portrayed as objects of desire, but also as complex and multifaceted characters. Examples of the Hitchcockian blonde include Grace Kelly in "Rear Window" and "To Catch a Thief," and Kim Novak in "Vertigo."
Overall, Alfred Hitchcock's techniques have had a lasting influence on the film industry, and continue to be studied and emulated by filmmakers today. His innovative use of camera techniques, music, and storytelling elements have made him a true master of suspense and thriller films.